West Flanders

West Flanders is one of the five provinces of Flanders in Belgium and the country's westernmost. It encompasses Belgium's entire coastline and thus is a favourite travel destination for Belgians in the summer months. By far the most popular and beloved among tourists is the province's capital, Bruges, thanks to its unique medieval charms. Otherwise, West Flanders is mainly an agricultural and suburban region. There are many open fields between the small towns and villages and the general flatness of the region make it ideal to go on a cycle holiday.

As is the case in much of Belgium, decades of poor urban planning and heritage policies (where most old buildings have been replaced rather than refurbished) have lead to the destruction and disappearance of most historical architecture and wide open spaces. Nevertheless, for the tourist seeking towns with bucolic historic centres, West Flanders does have more to offer than the ever popular Bruges alone: towns such as Veurne, Diksmuide, Ypres (Ieper), and De Haan (by the sea) all have well-preserved historic centres not unlike those of Bruges – and they are far less overrun by tourists! Most open landscapes and historic centres are nowadays found in the more thinly populated western part of the province.

Cities and towns
West-Flanders is densely populated and has been so for centuries, therefore you will find a multitude of larger and smaller towns, featuring historic centres, spread over its entirety and connected with a network of roads and railroads, enabling one to get around easily by car or a solid network of public transportation (though the latter is mostly found in and around Kortrijk, Bruges and the coast). The landscape is flat and open, so cycling and hiking are also a good way to enjoy the countryside.

Main cities

 * (Brugge) – capital of West-Flanders, whose entire town centre is classified as.
 * – a rather big town at the river Leie. You can find a mix of medieval buildings and shopping facilities. Very close to the French city of Lille.
 * (Oostende) – Queen of the coastal towns, developed by the Belgian royal family in the Belle Époque.
 * – an industrialised town. The town is mainly known for its shopping facilities and the Rodenbach brewery. Its belfry is a.
 * (Ieper) – a military and fortified town by history, the medieval centre was bombed to the ground in World War I, and reconstructed in medieval style from photographs afterwards.

Coastal resorts

 * – a nice coastal town, with an original style of buildings.
 * – the most western town in Belgium, next to Koksijde, it also has a wide beach and many sand dunes. Including a nature reserve "De Westhoek".
 * – a worldly coastal town, with many facilities. On the north side of the town, at the boundary with the Netherlands, you can also find a nature reserve "Het Zwin".
 * – together with Oostduinkerke, coastal towns with a very wide beach and many sand dunes. Oostduinkerke is also known for its horseback-fishers. During the low-tide, sturdy horses draw nets over the sandy shore to capture shrimps, sometimes the shrimps are cleaned and boiled on the beach itself, available for direct consumption.
 * – a medieval port on the Belgian coast, at the mouth of the river Yser. Now mainly used as a port for yachts and water sports. At the fishing mine (vismijn), you can also find fishing ships mooring, and buy fresh fish directly from the fishers. The old town still has a very nice medieval centre.

Other notable towns

 * – a tiny medieval, fortified tiny town, along the canal that connected Bruges back to the ocean (after the sanding of the coast). Ideal to visit on a bike, or with a ferry, from Bruges. Though far smaller than Bruges, it can at times be equally overrun by tourists.
 * – a small rural town (roughly 6000 inhabitants), in the middle of the Flemish polders. The town also played a vital role in World War I. Its belfry is a . The municipality of Diksmuide (ie. everything that lies within roughly 4.5 km from the town centre) otherwise consists of large, open fields and no less than 15 picturesque villages, each having somewhere between 100 and 2000 inhabitants.
 * – its belfry is a.
 * – former Roman town
 * – a small town with a medieval centre which played an important role during World War I.
 * – its belfry is a.
 * – a medieval coastal town, just south-east of De Panne and Koksijde. Now further away from the sea due to the sanding of the coast. Its belfry is a.

Villages
Many villages have become the victim of the rise in population and the reconstruction after World War I. Most West-Flemish villages have little to no historical architecture left, all of it having been replaced the past century. However, some villages kept their original look.


 * – Dutch for "the land of hills", a collection of small villages, south of Ypres, in a forested and very hilly environment. Ideal for mountainbiking or hiking. The hills also played a vital tactical role in World War I. It's close to the French border, where you can find French-Flanders: a region that was historically part of Flanders, with the similar villages and towns, but now belongs to France.
 * – a picturesque village close to Bruges with many small white houses. Lissewege is to Bruges like Montmartre to Paris.

Talk
The main language in West Flanders is Dutch using the West Flemish dialect. Most people are proficient in standard Dutch and many have a functional command of English and French.

By car
West-Flanders is crossed by many motorways.


 * The E40 comes from Calais, follows the West-Flemish coast for a while, then near Bruges, turns towards Ghent and Brussels.
 * The E403 crosses West-Flanders north-to-south. At Bruges, it has a connection with the E40, it passes Roeselare and Courtray to arrive in Lille.
 * The E17 connects Coutray with Ghent and Antwerp
 * The A19 is a local motorway, connecting Coutray with the front region around Ypres.

By public transport
There are train lines operated by the NMBS from France (Lille) to Bruges via Courtrai (Kortrijk), and from Brussels and Ghent to Bruges, De Panne and Courtrai. The front region around Ypres can only be reached via Courtray, the northern coastal region can only be reached via Bruges, the southern coastal region can only be reached via Diksmuide. Bus lines are also mostly concentrated in the areas in and around Bruges, Kortrijk and the coast (coastal tram).

It is not possible to get from Dunkerque (the nearest large coastal city in France) into West Flanders by train or by tram directly, however, DK'Bus (the Dunkerque metropolitan bus line) offers buses that connect Dunkerque to De Panne (the westernmost coastal place in Belgium). First you take a bus (C1 or C2) from Dunkerque's train station to the French coastal town Leffrinkhoeke (bus stop: Fort des Dunes). From there you take another bus from there (bus line 20) that stops at De Panne's train station. Notably, these buses are free, as are all DK'Bus buses!

By boat
The French ports of Calais and Dunkirk are very close to West Flanders, with a good motorway connection to it. They each receive many ferries a day from the English port of Dover.

The ferry from Kingston upon Hull to Zeebrugge was axed in 2021.

Get around
The Coast Tram (Dutch: De Kusttram) is the longest tram line in the world with 69 stops over a 67 km long track. It connects all Belgian seaside towns from De Panne near French Dunkerque (Duinkerke or Dunkirk) to Knokke near the Dutch border. It does not travel across the Belgian borders, however. During peak summer months a tram goes every 10 min from 08:00 till 21:00.

Bruges
Bruges is the capital of West-Flanders, and by far the most touristic town in West-Flanders. Its medieval city-centre is almost like a living museum, and certainly worth visiting.

Coast
West-Flanders is the coastal province of Belgium. The entire coast is a sand beach, ideal for walking. In the summer, dogs aren't allowed on the beach, in the winter, dogs are allowed (legally, dogs must always be on a leash). The coast is largely build-up with apartments, many consider this ugly, but if you go a bit further to the countryside, you can see the typical coastal houses.



The front region
Along the front line of the First World War, there are many small towns and villages worth visiting. With many memorials and cemeteries in the countryside. Visiting the front line is best done by car, or with operated bus tours, since public transport is sparse in those regions with low population. Travelling by (electric) bicycle is also possible, when you want to combine sports and remembrance tourism.

247 British cemeteries are scattered all over - too many to list here. Please consult the cwgc for complete information.

The towns of Ypres, Poperinge, Diksmuide and Nieuwpoort, are towns near the front line, where you can find sleeping accommodation. There are also many guest houses and farms in the countryside.

A list of places to visit, from north (Nieuwpoort) to south (Mesen). If you continue to follow the front line south, you'll arrive through Hainaut in France.



Stay safe
Ostend and Menen are the only cities where you need to be careful in some parts of the city (although the crime rate is still much lower than in large metropolises).

Go next

 * The province East Flanders with capital city Ghent are the closest.
 * Lille — one of the most interesting cities of northern France.
 * Bergues — worth checking out as a typical French-Flemish town.