User:Aaliyah0208/sandbox

Tausug is the main dialect of Sulu, Philippines.

The name of the language in Tausug is Bahasa Sūg, which means 'language of Sulu'. The word Tausūg is derived from two words "Tau" which means "person", and "sūg" which means "current", presumably referring to their economic livelihood depending on the strong currents of the Sulu Sea where they used to trans-navigate as fishermen, pearl divers and traders. The Sulu Sea has been use as the strategic trade route of the southern Philippines and other neighboring ASEAN nations, even up to the present time. As early as the 10th century it was believed that there was already flourishing trade route between Sulu with China and North Borneo. Basically the people in this area were known as "people of the current", which is the literal translation of "Tausūg".

Phonology[edit] Tausug Alphabet Letter	A	B	D	G	H	I	J	K	L	M Name	Alip	bā'	dāl	gā'	hā'	ī	jīm	kāp	lām	mīm IPA	/a/	/b/, /β/	/d/	/ɡ/, /ɣ/	/h/	/i/	/dʒ/	/k/	/l/	/m/ Letter	N	Ny	P	R	S	T	U	W	Y	' Name	nūn	nyā'	pā'	rā'	sīn	tā'	ū	wāw	yā'	hamja IPA	/n/	/ɲ/	/p/	/r/	/s/	/t/	/u/	/w/	/j/	/ʔ/ Consonants[edit] Features: Gemination of all non-glottal consonants

b [b] or [β] when between vowels[3] d [d] g [ɡ] or [ɣ] when between vowels[3] h [h] j [dʒ] k [k] l [l] m [m] n [n] ny [ɲ] p [p] r [r] s [s] t [t] w [w] y [j]

Vowels[edit] Features: Vowel lengthening (e.g. bāy ‘house’). Stress: Nonphonemic stress on final syllable.

a/ā [a] and [aː] i/ī [i] and [iː] u/ū [u] and [uː] ü [ɜ] The letters o and e are used in loan words and names from other languages. Diphthongs: aw, uy, ay, iw[4]

Arabic script[edit] The Tausūg language was previously written with the Arabic alphabet. The script used was inspired by the use of Jawi in writing the Malay language.

An example of the Arabic alphabet in writing the Tausūg language:

Latin script – Wayruun tuhan malaingkan Allāh, hi Muhammad rasūl sin Allāh Arabic script – وَيْـرُٷنْ تُـهَـنْ مَـلَـيِـڠْـكَـن هَالله، هِـمُـحَـمَّـدْ ئِـڠ رَسُـولْ سِـڠ الله English translation - There is no god but Allah, Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah The Arabic script used to write the Tausug language differs in some aspects to the script used for the Arabic language and in the Jawi script used for Malay languages. One of the main differences is in the way that word-initial vowels are written.

In the Arabic language the way write /in/ is (إن), in Jawi (Malay) it is (ان) however in Tausug it is (ئِن). The Tausug Arabic script utilises the letter yā' with a hamza to represent a short vowel. If a kasra (ِ) is added it becomes an 'i' sound, if a fatha (َ) is added it becomes an 'a' sound and if a damma (ُ) is added it becomes a 'u' sound.

Letters[edit] Tausug Alphabet - Arabic Script Character	Isolated	Initial	Medial	Final	Name ا	ﺍ			ﺎ	alip ب	ﺏ	ﺑ	ـﺒ	ـﺐ	bā' ت	ﺕ	ﺗ	ـﺘ	ـﺖ	tā' ج	ﺝ	ﺟ	ـﺠ	ـﺞ	jīm د	د			ـد	dāl ر	ﺭ			ـر	rā' س	ﺱ	ﺳ	ـﺴ	ـﺲ	sīn غ	ﻍ	ﻏ	ـﻐـ	ـﻎ	gayn ڠ	ڠ	ڠـ	ـڠـ	ـڠ	ngā' ف	ﻑ	ﻓ	ـﻔ	ـﻒ	pā' ک	ک	ﻛ	ـﻜ	ـک	kāp گ	گ	ﮔ	ـﮕـ	ـﮓ	gāp ل	ﻝ	ﻟ	ـﻠ	ـﻞ	lām م	ﻡ	ﻣ	ـﻤ	ـﻢ	mīm ن	ﻥ	ﻧ	ـﻨ	ﻦ	nūn و	ﻭ			ـو	wāw ه	ﻩ	ﻫ	ـﻬ	ﻪ	hā' ي	ﻱ	ﻳ	ـﻴـ	ﻲ	yā' ء	ء			ء	hamja أ	أ			ـأ	alip with hamja above ﺅ	ﺅ			ـﺆ	wāw with hamja above ئ	ئ	ئـ	ــئـ	ـئ	yā' with hamja above لا	لا	لا	ــلا	ــلا	lām alip

Grammar[edit] Pronouns[edit] Personal[edit] Absolutive	Ergative	Oblique 1st person singular	aku	ku	kāku' 1st person dual	kita	natu', ta	katu' 2nd person singular	ikaw, kaw	mu	kaymu 3rd person singular	siya	niya	kaniya 1st person plural inclusive	kitaniyu	natu'niyu, taniyu	kātu'niyu, kātu'natu' 1st person plural exclusive	kami	namu	kāmu' 2nd person plural	kamu	niyu	kaniyu 3rd person plural	sila	nila	kanila

Interrogative words[edit] [5]

English	Bahasa Sug Who? Hisiyu? What? Unu? Where? Hawnu? or Hariin? Why? Mayta'? When? (future)	Ku'nu? When? (past)	Ka'nu? How? (process)	Biya'diin? How? (condition)	Maunu-unu?

Examples:

English	Bahasa Sug Who is your father? Hisiyu in ama' mu? What is he doing? Unu in hiyhinang niya? Where are you? Hawnu kaw? or Hariin kaw? Why are you crying? Mayta' kaw nagtangis? When are you arriving? (future)	Ku'nu kaw dumatung? When did you arrived? (past)	Ka'nu kaw dimatung? How did you know that? (process)	Biya'diin mu yan naingat? How is Hamid? (condition)	Maunu-unu na hi Hamid? Examples[edit] English	Tausug Latin Script	Tausug Arabic Script What is your name? Unu in ngān mu? اُنُ ئِـڠ ڠَـانـمُ؟ My name is Muhammad	In ngān ku Muhammad	ئِـڠ ڠَـانـكُ مُـحَـمَّـد How are you? Maunu-unu nakaw? مَـؤُنُ اُنُ نَـكَـو؟ I am good	Marayaw da isab	مَـرَيَـو دَ ئِـسَـب Where is Ahmad? Hawnu hi Ahmad? هَـونُ هِ أحـمَـد؟ He is in the house	Ha bāy siya	هَ بَـاي سِـيَ Thank you	Magsukul	مَـگـسُـكُـل

Loan words[edit] Many Tausug words derive from the Arabic language.

Some examples of Arabic words in Tausug are

Tausug Word	Meaning (Tausug)	Arabic Word	Pronunciation	Meaning (Arabic) Adab	manners	أدب	adab	manners Ahirat	Hereafter	آخرة	ākhirah	hereafter Ajayb	amazing	عجيب	'ajīb	amazing Akkal	intelligence	عقل	'Aql	intellect Alam	universe	عالم	'ālam	world Allāh	God	الله	Allāh	God Amānat	message	أمانة	amānah	trust Ammal	use	عمل	'amal	to make Awal	origin	أوّل	awwal	first Awliya	ascetic	أولياء	awliyā'	ascetics Ayat	verse	آية	āyah	verse Ayb	shame	عيب	'ayb	shame Barawi	Desert robber	بدوي	badawī	bedouin Batāl	unclean	باطل	bātil	void Bilāl	Muezzin/caller to prayer	بلال	Bilāl	Bilal ibn Rabah Daawa	excuse/alibi	دعوة	da'wah	invitation Duhul	extremity	دخول	dukhūl	entrance Daira	city	دائرة	dā'irah	area Dayyus	cuckold	ديّوث	dayyūth	cuckold Dunya	earth	دنيا	dunyā	world Duwaa	prayer	دعاء	du'ā	prayer/supplication Habal	news	خبر	khabar	news Hadas	impurity	حدث	hadath	impurity Hakīka	birth ritual	عقيقة	aqīqah	birth ritual Hakīkat	truth	حقيقة	haqīqah	truth Hatīb	speaker	خطيب	khatīb	speaker Hawa	Eve	حواء	Hawā'	Eve Hidāyat	announcement	هداية	hidāyah	guidance Hikmat	wisdom	حكمة	hikmah	wisdom Hukum	judge	حكم	hukm	ruling Humus	alms	خمس	khums	fifth Hutba'	sermon	خطبة	khutbah	sermon Hurup	sound of a letter	حروف	hurūf	letters Ibilīs	demon	إبليس	Iblīs	devil Ihilās	sincerity	إخلاص	ikhlās	sincerity Ijin	blessing	إذن	idhn	permission Ilmu'	knowledge	علم	'ilm	knowledge Imān	forbearingness	إيمان	īmān	faith Intiha'	end	إنتهى	intihā	end Irādat	determination	إرادة	irādah	determination Islām	Islam	إسلام	Islām	Islam Istigapar	to beg pardon	إستغفار	istighfār	to beg pardon Instinja	pure	إستنجاء	istinjā'	to clean one's self Jabūr	Psalms	زبور	zabūr	Psalms Jāhil	foolish	جاهل	jāhil	ignorant Jakāt	tithe	زكاة	zakāh	tithe Jamāa	congregation	جماعة	jamā'ah	congregation Jamān	clock	زمان	zamān	time Janāja	bier	جنازة	janāzah	funeral Jāt	appearance	ذات	dhāt	self Jaytūn	olive	زيتون	zaytūn	olive Jin	spirit	جنّ	jinn	demon Jinā	adultery	زنا	zinā	adultery Juba	garment	جبّة	jubbah	garment Jubul	anus	دبر	dubr	anus Junub	pollution	جنوب	junūb	dirty Jurriyat	lineage	ذرية	dhurriyyah	offspring Kahawa	coffee	قهوة	qahwah	coffee Kāpil	disbeliever	كافر	kāfir	disbeliever Karāmat	miracle	كرامة	karāmah	miracle Kawwāt	power	قوّة	quwwah	force Kubul	grave	قبور	qubūr	graves Kudarat	Power of God	قدرة	qudrah	ability Kulbān	sacrifice	قربان	qurbān	sacrifice Kuppiya'	male head covering	كوفيّة	kūffiyah	kefiyyeh Kupul	disbelief	كفز	kufr	disbelief Lidjiki'	blessing	رزق	rizq	sustenance Maana	meaning	معنة	ma'nah	meaning Magrib	sunset	مغرب	maghrib	sunset Magsukul	Thanks	شكر	shukr	thanks Mahluk	human	مخلوق	maklūq	created Maksud	purpose	مقصود	maqsūd	intended Makbul	fulfilled	مقبول	maqbūl	accepted Malak	Beautiful	ملك	malak	Angel Maruhum	deceased	مرحوم	marhūm	deceased Masrik	east	مشرق	mashriq	east Matakaddam	parable	متقدّم	mutaqaddam	preceding Mayat	corpse	ميت	mayt	dead Mujijat	mystery	معجزة	mu'jizah	miracle Mulid	pupil	مريد	murīd	pupil Munapik	hypocrite	منافق	munāfiq	hypocrite Murtad	apostate	مرتد	murtad	apostate Muskil	uncommon	مشكل	mushkil	problem Mustahak	lawful owner	مستحقّ	mustahaqq	deserving Mustajab	occurred	مستجاب	mustajāb	answered Muwallam	scholar	معلّم	mu'allim	teacher Nabī	prophet	نبي	nabī	prophet Najal	promise	نذر	nadhar	vow/promise Najjis	filth	ناجس	nājis	filthy Napas	breath	نفس	nafas	breathe Napsu	desire	نفس	nafs	ego/desire Nasihat	advice	نصيحة	nasīhah	advice Paham	familiarity	فهم	fahm	understanding Pardu'	legislation	فرض	fard	compulsory Piil	action	فعل	fi'l	action Pikil	think	فكر	fikr	thought Pir'awn	Pharaoh	فرعون	fir'awn	Pharaoh Rahmat	blessing	رحمة	rahmah	mercy Rasūl	messenger	رسول	rasūl	messenger Ruku'	bow	ركوع	rukū'	bowing Rukun	precept	ركن	rukn	pillar Sabab	because	سبب	sabab	reason/cause Sahabat	follower	صحابة	sahābah	companions Saytān	Satan	شيطان	shaytān	Satan Sual	discussion	سؤال	su'āl	question Subu	dawn	صبح	subh	dawn Sunnat	female circumcision	سنّة	sunnah	tradition/sunnah Takabbul	arrogant	تكبّر	takabbur	arrogance Takwīm	calendar	تقويم	taqwīm	calendar Tallak	divorce	طلاق	talāq	divorce Tarasul	Tausug poem	تراسل	tarāsul	correspondence Tasbi	prayer beads	تسبيح	tasbīh	praise Ummul	age	عمر	'amr	age Wajib	compulsory	واجب	wājib	compulsory Wakap	pause	وقف	waqf	pause Waktu	time	وقت	waqt	time


 * Greetings. : . (Assalamu Walaikum )
 * Hello. (informal) : . (salam )
 * How are you? : ? (ma unu-uno ra kaw?)
 * Fine, thank you. : . ( Alhamdulillah, magsukul )
 * What is your name? : ? ( unu ing ngan mu ?)
 * My name is ______ . :  ______ . ( Ing ngan ku _____ .)
 * Nice to meet you. : . ( MashaAllah, kakilahan na ta kaw )
 * Please. : . ( manjari )
 * Thank you. : . ( shukhran )
 * You're welcome. : . (afwan )
 * Yes. : . ( hoo )
 * No. : . ( bukun )
 * Excuse me. (getting attention) : . ( palabi kitaniyu )
 * Excuse me. (begging pardon) : . (maaf)
 * I'm sorry. : . (maaf)
 * Goodbye : . ( bye )
 * Goodbye (informal) : . (bye)
 * I can't speak name of language [well]. : [ ]. ( [ ])
 * Do you speak English? : ? ( maingat kaw mag Ingles?)
 * Is there someone here who speaks English? : ? (awun ba di maingat magbissara Ingles?)
 * Help! : ! ( tabang!)
 * Look out! : ! ( !)
 * Good morning. : . ( )
 * Good evening. : . ( )
 * Good night. : . ( )
 * Good night (to sleep) : . ( )
 * I don't understand. : . ( )
 * Where is the toilet? : ? ( ?)

Problems

 * Leave me alone. : . ( .)
 * Don't touch me! : ! ( !)
 * I'll call the police. : . ( .)
 * Police! : ! ( !)
 * Stop! Thief! : ! ! ( ! !)
 * I need your help. : . ( .)
 * It's an emergency. : . ( .)
 * I'm lost. : . ( .)
 * I lost my bag. : . ( .)
 * I lost my wallet. : . ( .)
 * I'm sick. : . ( .)
 * I've been injured. : . ( .)
 * I need a doctor. : . ( .)
 * Can I use your phone? : ? ( ?)

Numbers
Numbers[edit] Tausug	Cebuano	Malay	Kadazan-Dusun	Javanese 1 - Isa	usa	satu	iso	siji 2 - Duwa	duha	dua	duo	loro 3 - Tū	tulo	tiga	tolu	telu 4 - Upat	upat	empat	apat	papat 5 - Lima	lima	lima	limo	limo 6 - Unum	unom	enam	onom	enem 7 - Pitu	pito	tujuh	turu	pitu 8 - Walu	walo	delapan	walu	wolu 9 - Siyam	siyam	sembilan	siam	songo 10 - Hangpu'	napu'o	sepuluh	hopod	sepuloh Tausug	Cebuano	Malay 11 - Hangpuh tag isa	napulo'g usa	sebelas 20 - Kawha'an	kawhaan	dua puluh 30 - Katlu'an	katloan	tiga puluh 40 - Ka'patan	kap'atan	empat puluh 50 - Kay'man	kalim'an	lima puluh 60 - Ka'numan	kanuman	enam puluh 70 - Kapituwan	kapitoan	tujuh puluh 80 - Kawaluhan	kawalohan	delapan puluh 90 - Kasiyaman	kasiyaman	sembilan puluh 100 - Hanggattus	usa ka gatus	se ratus 1,000 - Ha'ngibu	usa ka libo	se ribu


 * half : ( )
 * less : ( )
 * more : ( )

Time

 * now : ( )
 * later : ( )
 * before : ( )
 * morning : ( )
 * afternoon : ( )
 * evening : ( )
 * night : ( )

Clock time

 * one o'clock AM : ( )
 * two o'clock AM : ( )
 * noon : ( )
 * one o'clock PM : ( )
 * two o'clock PM : ( )
 * midnight : ( )

Duration

 * _____ minute(s) : ( )
 * _____ hour(s) : ( )
 * _____ day(s) : ( )
 * _____ week(s) : ( )
 * _____ month(s) : ( )
 * _____ year(s) : ( )

Days

 * today : ( )
 * yesterday : ( )
 * tomorrow : ( )
 * this week : ( )
 * last week : ( )
 * next week : ( )


 * Sunday : ( )
 * Monday : ( )
 * Tuesday : ( )
 * Wednesday : ( )
 * Thursday : ( )
 * Friday : ( )
 * Saturday : ( )

Months

 * January : ( )
 * February : ( )
 * March : ( )
 * April : ( )
 * May : ( )
 * June : ( )
 * July : ( )
 * August : ( )
 * September : ( )
 * October : ( )
 * November : ( )
 * December : ( )

Colors

 * black : ( )
 * white : ( )
 * gray : ( )
 * red : ( )
 * blue : ( )
 * yellow : ( )
 * green : ( )
 * orange : ( )
 * purple : ( )
 * brown : ( )

Bus and train

 * How much is a ticket to _____? : ( )
 * One ticket to _____, please. : ( )
 * Where does this train/bus go? : ( )
 * Where is the train/bus to _____? : ( )
 * Does this train/bus stop in _____? : ( )
 * When does the train/bus for _____ leave? : ( )
 * When will this train/bus arrive in _____? : ( )

Directions

 * How do I get to _____ ? : ( )
 * ...the train station? : ( )
 * ...the bus station? : ( )
 * ...the airport? : ( )
 * ...downtown? : ( )
 * ...the youth hostel? : ( )
 * ...the _____ hotel? : ( )
 * ...the American/Canadian/Australian/British consulate? : ( )
 * Where are there a lot of... : ( )
 * ...hotels? : ( )
 * ...restaurants? : ( )
 * ...bars? : ( )
 * ...sites to see? : ( )
 * Can you show me on the map? : ( )
 * street : ( )
 * Turn left. : ( )
 * Turn right. : ( )
 * left : ( )
 * right : ( )
 * straight ahead : ( )
 * towards the _____ : ( )
 * past the _____ : ( )
 * before the _____ : ( )
 * Watch for the _____. : ( )
 * intersection : ( )
 * north : ( )
 * south : ( )
 * east : ( )
 * west : ( )
 * uphill : ( )
 * downhill : ( )

Taxi

 * Taxi! : ( )
 * Take me to _____, please. : ( )
 * How much does it cost to get to _____? : ( )
 * Take me there, please. : ( )

Lodging

 * Do you have any rooms available? : ( )
 * How much is a room for one person/two people? : ( )
 * Does the room come with... : ( )
 * ...bedsheets? : ( )
 * ...a bathroom? : ( )
 * ...a telephone? : ( )
 * ...a TV? : ( )
 * May I see the room first? : ( )
 * Do you have anything quieter? : ( )
 * ...bigger? : ( )
 * ...cleaner? : ( )
 * ...cheaper? : ( )
 * OK, I'll take it. : ( )
 * I will stay for _____ night(s). : ( )
 * Can you suggest another hotel? : ( )
 * Do you have a safe? : ( )
 * ...lockers? : ( )
 * Is breakfast/supper included? : ( )
 * What time is breakfast/supper? : ( )
 * Please clean my room. : ( )
 * Can you wake me at _____? : ( )
 * I want to check out. : ( )

Money

 * Do you accept American/Australian/Canadian dollars? : ( )
 * Do you accept British pounds? : ( )
 * Do you accept Euros? : ( )
 * Do you accept credit cards? : ( )
 * Can you change money for me? : ( )
 * Where can I get money changed? : ( )
 * Can you change a traveler's check for me? : ( )
 * Where can I get a traveler's check changed? : ( )
 * What is the exchange rate? : ( )
 * Where is an automatic teller machine (ATM)? : ( )

Eating

 * A table for one person/two people, please. : ( )
 * Can I look at the menu, please? : ( )
 * Can I look in the kitchen? : ( )
 * Is there a house specialty? : ( )
 * Is there a local specialty? : ( )
 * I'm a vegetarian. : ( )
 * I don't eat pork. : ( )
 * I don't eat beef. : ( )
 * I only eat kosher food. : ( )
 * Can you make it "lite", please? (less oil/butter/lard) : ( )
 * fixed-price meal : ( )
 * a la carte : ( )
 * breakfast : ( )
 * lunch : ( )
 * tea (meal) : ( )
 * supper : ( )
 * I want _____. : ( )
 * I want a dish containing _____. : ( )
 * chicken : ( )
 * beef : ( )
 * fish : ( )
 * ham : ( )
 * sausage : ( )
 * cheese : ( )
 * eggs : ( )
 * salad : ( )
 * (fresh) vegetables :  ( )
 * (fresh) fruit : ( )
 * bread : ( )
 * toast : ( )
 * noodles : ( )
 * rice : ( )
 * beans : ( )
 * May I have a glass of _____? : ( )
 * May I have a cup of _____? : ( )
 * May I have a bottle of _____? : ( )
 * coffee : ( )
 * tea (drink) : ( )
 * juice : ( )
 * (bubbly) water : ( )
 * (still) water : ( )
 * beer : ( )
 * red/white wine : ( )
 * May I have some _____? : ( )
 * salt : ( )
 * black pepper : ( )
 * butter : ( )
 * Excuse me, waiter? (getting attention of server): ( )
 * I'm finished. : ( )
 * It was delicious. : ( )
 * Please clear the plates. : ( )
 * The check, please. : ( )

Bars

 * Do you serve alcohol? : ( )
 * Is there table service? : ( )
 * A beer/two beers, please. : ( )
 * A glass of red/white wine, please. : ( )
 * A pint, please. : ( )
 * A bottle, please. : ( )
 * _____ (hard liquor) and _____ (mixer), please. : ( )
 * whiskey : ( )
 * vodka : ( )
 * rum : ( )
 * water : ( )
 * club soda : ( )
 * tonic water : ( )
 * orange juice : ( )
 * Coke (soda) : ( )
 * Do you have any bar snacks? : ( )
 * One more, please. : ( )
 * Another round, please. : ( )
 * When is closing time? : ( )
 * Cheers! : ( )

Shopping

 * Do you have this in my size? : ( )
 * How much is this? : ( )
 * That's too expensive. : ( )
 * Would you take _____? : ( )
 * expensive : ( )
 * cheap : ( )
 * I can't afford it. : ( )
 * I don't want it. : ( )
 * You're cheating me. : ( )
 * I'm not interested. : (..)
 * OK, I'll take it. : ( )
 * Can I have a bag? : ( )
 * Do you ship (overseas)? : ( )
 * I need... : ( )
 * ...toothpaste. : ( )
 * ...a toothbrush. : ( )
 * ...tampons. : . ( )
 * ...soap. : ( )
 * ...shampoo. : ( )
 * ...pain reliever. (e.g., aspirin or ibuprofen) : ( )
 * ...cold medicine. : ( )
 * ...stomach medicine. : ... ( )
 * ...a razor. : ( )
 * ...an umbrella. : ( )
 * ...sunblock lotion. : ( )
 * ...a postcard. : ( )
 * ...postage stamps. : ( )
 * ...batteries. : ( )
 * ...writing paper. : ( )
 * ...a pen. : ( )
 * ...English-language books. : ( )
 * ...English-language magazines. : ( )
 * ...an English-language newspaper. : ( )
 * ...an English-English dictionary. : ( )

Driving

 * I want to rent a car. : ( )
 * Can I get insurance? : ( )
 * stop (on a street sign) : ( )
 * one way : ( )
 * yield : ( )
 * no parking : ( )
 * speed limit : ( )
 * gas (petrol) station : ( )
 * petrol : ( )
 * diesel : ( )

Authority

 * I haven't done anything wrong. : ( )
 * It was a misunderstanding. : ( )
 * Where are you taking me? : ( )
 * Am I under arrest? : ( )
 * I am an American/Australian/British/Canadian citizen. : ( )
 * I want to talk to the American/Australian/British/Canadian embassy/consulate. : ( )
 * I want to talk to a lawyer. : ( )
 * Can I just pay a fine now? : ( )