Miyoshi (Tokushima)/Iya Valley

Iya Valley (祖谷 Iya) is a remote mountain valley deep in the heart of Shikoku. The area is administered by Miyoshi City.

Understand
One of Japan's Three Hidden Valleys, Iya has dramatic mountain scenery, traditional thatched roof homes, and historic vine bridges. Supposedly a hiding place for the fleeing samurai of the defeated Heike clan from centuries past, the isolation of the Iya valley has a rich history of being a waypoint for wanderers and a place one could go to be away from it all. The valley was raised into the Japanese and Western consciousness by outspoken Japanese-culture conservationist Alex Kerr, whose book Lost Japan (ISBN 0864423705) presented an idyllic picture of a misty valley stuck in a time warp to days gone by.

Though the valley has developed more since Kerr first came, Iya largely remains stuck in a time-warp compared to the rest of modern Japan and most of the valley still remains remote, unspoiled, and traditional: the Iya Gorge section at the start of the valley remains unmarred by development, the overall natural splendor of the valley proves to be a great escape while soaking in the bounty of its hotsprings, the tall peaks offer some of the finest hiking in Shikoku, and many of the less-visited mountainside hamlets offer glimpses into a past way of life that somehow still clings on here even though it has utterly vanished elsewhere in Japan.

Orientation
The 60-km-long valley is divided in two: the more visited and (slightly) more developed Nishi-Iya (西祖谷 West Iya); and the more remote Higashi-Iya (東祖谷  East Iya), which is also known as Oku-Iya (奥祖谷 Deep Iya). Traversing the entire length of the valley by car takes over two hours. There are dozens of small settlements (some abandoned) on the mountain sides along the main road. In the western half, the 'downtown' section of central Nishi-Iya is the most condensed as is the tourist area around the Kazurabashi. The largest district on the eastern side (Higashi-Iya) is Kyojo (京上), with many facilities. The historic hamlet of Ochiai (落合) in eastern Higashi-Iya is registered as an important national preservation district due to its collection of traditional homes, terraced farm plots, and ancient walking paths. The far-off hamlet of Mi-no-Koshi (見ノ越) at the base of Mt. Tsurugi is popular with hikers but has only basic facilities.

Detailed free tourist maps are available at any tourist point in or near the valley. Printed by the local government and available in Japanese or English, this is an accurate road map with clear explanations for points of interest, trail-heads, and other less known landmarks.

Tourist information sites
The local government's Miyoshi City tourism webpage (including the Iya Valley) is available in English, Japanese, Chinese and Korean, though the information is not very detailed and has several inaccuracies, especially with hiking. However, very thorough information in English about the Iya Valley can be found on the extensive Iyatime website, which also has lots of interactive maps detailing just about everywhere in the valley and around.

Money and communications
The only bank branch in the Iya Valley is the Japan Post (JP) Bank. There are three JP branches: one in central Nishi Iya, another in the Kyojo area of central Higashi Iya, and the third in Ochiai. Regular hours are M-F 09:00-17:00, but they don't handle international exchange. ATMs are open M-F 09:00-18:00, Sa 09:00-17:00, and Su 09:00-14:00. Foreign bank cards are accepted at the ATMs, and the ATMs have English menus. The closest currency exchanges are in major cities (Kochi, Takamatsu, etc.), and the closest 24-hr ATM is the Seven-Eleven at the WestWest rest stop in Koboke.

Most larger hotels accept credit cards. Most other places are cash-only.

Inhabited areas have good cell phone coverage, but many mountain trails and peaks do not. Pay phones are scattered here and there, usually in the more condensed areas. There are no Internet cafes or libraries with computers available, and few hotels offer computers to use. Wi-Fi is sometimes available for use in bigger hotels, some tourist areas have free Wi-Fi.

Climate
Though the Iya Valley is in southern Japan, the temperature can be significantly lower than the rest of Shikoku, especially as one gains elevation. Weather info can be found in English at the Japan Meteorogical webpage, with precipitation forecasts for either Kochi or Takamatsu usually being more accurate for the Iya Valley area than those of Tokushima City (in winter, subtract about 5 to 8 degrees from the Kochi temperature to get an idea if any rain there should be considered snow in Iya). A daily weather log for Kyojo (in the center of the valley) can be found here which can give an idea about recent temperatures and conditions.

Get in
Getting in no longer requires a week of hiking along misty mountain trails, but it certainly remains a bit more difficult than most Japanese destinations. To make the most out of your visit, it is highly recommended to use a vehicle (such as a rental car, see Get Around for options) since public transport into and around the valley is limited, with many places unreachable or very time-consuming to access by bus.

By plane
The central location of the Iya valley makes Shikoku's four airports viable options. Cars can be rented at any airport.


 * Kochi Airport is closest (1½ hours to Oboke via airport shuttle bus with express train), though the flight options are mainly limited to Osaka and Tokyo.
 * Takamatsu Airport has more flight options, including international routes, and is about 2 hours away by shuttle bus and train to Oboke.
 * Tokushima Airport, though in the same prefecture as the Iya Valley, is actually fairly far and has only a limited amount of flight destinations. Expect 2½ to 3 hours by bus/train combo.
 * Matsuyama Airport has the most flight options, both domestic and international, but is the farthest of the bunch. Plan on at least 3 hours by public transport.

For international connections, Kansai Airport near Osaka is the way to go. Buses go from central Osaka to Awa-Ikeda station several times a day (4 hours).

By train
The nearest train station to the main sights of the Iya Valley is at Oboke, which is along the JR Dosan Line between Kochi and Takamatsu. There are several local trains to JR Oboke Station throughout the day, and hourly express trains from either Kochi city or from JR Awa-Ikeda Station (connecting to Okayama/Takamatsu or Tokushima city.) The hourly Nanpu which runs from Okayama stops here (1 hr 45 min, ¥4410).

From Oboke you can connect to a bus up the mountain and through a tunnel into Nishi-Iya, but services are infrequent: there are up to eight buses per day on weekends only in the high season (April-Nov), and as few as four per day the rest of the time. Taxis from the station can also be arranged but prices are not cheap since the drives to points in the valley can be far.

For those looking to enter into the lower reaches of the valley (Iya Gorge, Matsuogawa Onsen, Iya-Kei Camp Village) one can instead get off at JR Iyaguchi Station (祖谷口駅) for more direct access, and hitch a ride or take one of the few daily buses that pass through the lower valley from here.

By bus
From either Osaka or Kobe, Hankyu Bus runs several a day that go to Ikeda's Awa Ikeda Bus Terminal (阿波池田ＢT) just near JR Awa-Ikeda station. The trip takes about 4 hours and runs at about ¥4500.

Long-distance night buses to/from Tokyo stop at the Miyoshi Highway Bus Stop (三好ＢＳ), which is in neighboring Highashi Miyoshi-cho Town at the Yoshino River Service Area rest stop, about 15 minutes or so east of central Ikeda by car. This bus stop is not a final destination, but rather a stop along the way with buses traveling between Tokyo and Kochi city. For more info, see the bus access listing on the Ikeda page.

There are several buses daily from Ikeda's Awa Ikeda Bus Terminal (阿波池田ＢT), which pass by JR Awa-Ikeda Station (one minute away) and travel to the Iya valley. A few terminate in Deai (bottom of Iyakei Gorge area) and others go via Oboke into Nishi-Iya past the Kazurabashi Vine Bridge, and then continue all the way into Higashi-Iya and terminate in Kubo (久保). There are also other buses on weekends/holidays only that travel between JR Oboke station and the Kazurabashi only.

Caution: In the autumn of 2019, changes were made to buses servicing the Iya Valley. In particular, buses do not go from Ikeda all the way through the Iyakei Gorge anymore, and new routes have been added linking parts of the upper gorge to Oboke. It is advisable to not use any printed local schedule in English made before October 2019 (there are many in circulation offered by hotels and rest areas). Up to date timetables in Japanese can be found at Shikoku Kotsu bus company website or in English at the Iya Valley Tourism Association website.

There are also several local municipal buses that are not operated by Yonkoh (so the schedules are not available on the Yonkoh website) and these give access and routes not offered by the main buses from Ikeda. Again, some of these times were changed in 2019.

A similar but even more restricted service is provided when coming from the north. Normally, the buses from JR Sadamitsu Station (貞光駅) do not run all the way towards the Iya Valley, but on weekends, holidays, and daily during various vacation weeks in the spring, summer, and autumn there is connecting service to Mi-no-Koshi at the trail head of Mt. Tsurugi. At other times, if you are heading to Mt. Tsurugi (剣山) from Sadamitsu (貞光), the regular (non-holiday/weekend) bus service along Route 438 goes only as far as the lower base of the mountain, and is a long way up. Coming from Mi-no-Koshi (見ノ越), figure on a four-hour walk down the mountain to the bus stop there.

By car
Having a car for touring the Iya valley is probably the best for flexibility and convenience due to limited public transport. It is very much worth the cost of rental, and it may even be cheaper than using a bus if more than one person is traveling.

If your first or only destination is Mi-no-Koshi (for Mt. Tsurugi), Route 438 from Sadamitsu and Route 439 from Anabuki connect directly into Higashi-Iya and offer the fastest route if arriving from Tokushima, Takamatsu and Kansai. Along the way, try some delicious hand-made udon noodles (手打ちうどん) at the restaurant beside the river. Traffic is very light, especially on weekdays if hitch-hiking. The roads are quite narrow and twisty, so this is a long ride up to and/or down from Mi-no-koshi (1½ or more hr from Sadamitsu) and this route is recommended only if your first or only destination is Mt. Tsurugi.

Otherwise, when coming via Ikeda or Kochi, (or if from Tokushima/Kansai and you are not planning to first go to Mi-no-Koshi/Mt. Tsurugi), then the fastest option is drive north–south along Route 32 to enter the valley via Oboke along Route 45 (about 15 minutes from Oboke to central Nishi Iya). In central Nishi-Iya Route 45 has a junction near the gas station with 'old' Route 32 (yes, the numbers are the same, but the roads are different), allowing one to turn left for the Iya Gorge and Iya Onsen, or turn right for the Kazurabashi and Higashi Iya (Kyojo, Ochiai, Oku-Iya, Mt.Tsurugi). From Oboke to the Kazurabashi is about a 20 minutes drive.

It is also possible to drive the entire length of the Iya valley from the lowest reaches of Iyaguchi along 'old' Route 32 (turn off main Route 32 to follow the signs for Deai). Though not necessarily dangerous, this part of the road is not for the faint of heart, as it is mostly one lane, very twisty, and often on the side of steep cliffs, however the scenery is breathtaking and the gorge here is almost completely undeveloped. Until a generation ago, this was the main way into the valley. About half-way you can also stop at the famous Peeing Boy statue, or ride down to the bottom via cable car for a riverside bath at the Iya Onsen. It's about a 1-hour drive from Iyaguchi to the Kazurabashi.

If driving further into Higashi Iya, the road is sporadically one-laned after the Kazurabashi and what little traffic encountered in Nishi-Iya becomes even less here. The village center of Kyojo is about 15 minutes after the Kazurabashi, Ochiai Hamlet is another 10 minutes away, and Sugeoi, Nagoro, and the Oku-Iya Kazurabashi are each about 10 minutes apart. A further 10 to 15 minutes of twists and turns brings one to the base of Mt Tsurugi (Mi-no-koshi), making it about 1 hr 15 min or so from the Kazurabashi to Mi-no-koshi non-stop.

For travelers from Kochi, it is not necessarily advised to take Route 439 from Otoyo, as the road is very twisty and goes over the 1,120-m-high Kyobashira mountain pass (京柱峠 "kyobashira-toge"), which all together can take 30 minutes to an hour longer to get destinations in the valley (though the views are indeed quite pleasant).

Gasoline stations are few and far between in Iya. There are gas stations in Iyaguchi and Oboke along the main Route 32, but within the valley, the only stations are: in Nishi-Iya at the junction of Route 45 and 'old' Route 32; in Higashi Iya in the town center of Kyojo; and a 'last chance' gas station on the main road in Higashi Iya between Ochiai and the Oku-Iya double vine bridge. These three gas stations in the valley have hours of about 8AM to 6PM and may/may not be open Sundays and holidays. So if you're driving to Mt. Tsurugi (Mi-no-koshi) be sure to have enough gasoline.

Parking is free nearly everywhere in the Iya Valley with the single exception being the main Kazurabashi (vine bridge) in Nishi Iya. The large parking complex charges ¥300.

There are no traffic lights in the entire Iya Valley (only at the Oboke and Iyaguchi turn offs in neighboring Yamashiro), and the valley's solitary stop sign can only be encountered if driving from Higashi Iya on Route 32 at the junction of the Kazurabashi turn off in Nishi Iya. But the lack of stop signs does not mean one should just drive through any intersection with total disregard. Always use caution on the narrow roads.

Get around
In the valley, public transportation is limited to a few buses a day, particularly in Higashi Iya. If using only a bus you will require much more time than if traveling by car, and since buses can be several hours apart and only along the main road, you may be limited to the number of sights that can be seen in a day. Two people traveling by bus to and around the valley can easily accrue the same or more in bus ticket costs in a single day as would be the rate for a small rental car. Car rental or even hitchhiking are the fastest way of getting around, but hitchhikers beware: at times the main road may see only a handful of cars per hour on a weekday. However the locals are friendly enough (expect little to no English) and are inclined to pick up a hitcher when they occasionally appear. There would be little if any security concerns. If asked, some hotels offer transportation services to/from JR Oboke station and some local sights.

By bus
Although options are limited (and confusing), going deep into the valley is possible by bus, but one must have both patience and an attention to making a realistic schedule. The information center outside JR Awa-Ikeda Train Station has some English brochures including one on exploration by public transport, though be careful if you find here or anywhere with anything printed before October 2019 in regards to bus times since schedules and routes have changed.

For travel by bus within the lower Iya Valley, the areas of the Iyakei Gorge, Nishi-Iya, and Kazurabashi are serviced by buses to/from Ikeda or Oboke as well as some local municipal buses. See Get In for details on these services.

For travel deeper into the valley into Higashi-Iya, four of the daily buses from Ikeda continue past the Nishi-Iya Kazurabashi and onward to Kyojo, Ochiai and finally terminate in Kubo. But if looking to go further, don't despair! It is possible to ride on a local municipal bus (also serving as the school bus) to points deeper and occasionally as far as Minokoshi (Mt. Tsurugi base) at the farthest edge of the valley. Be sure to state your destination to the driver when getting on to be sure that it is the correct bus.

This local municipal bus begins/ends in Kyojo and runs daily all year as far as Nagoro (Scarecrow Village). Between April and November some buses continue on to the Oku-Iya Kazurabashi and Minokoshi (on weekends and holiday periods only including several full weeks at various times of the year).

The local buses to the Oku-Iya Kazurabashi run from April 1 to the end of November, and buses to Minokoshi run from mid-April to the end of November. These buses are on Saturday, Sunday and national holidays only during this time. However, they do run daily during the Golden Week period (usually around April 25 to May 10), during the summer holiday period (usually around July 21 to August 31), and the autumn leaf viewing period (usually October 5 to November 6). But these dates are subject to change each year so be sure to check before riding.

By rental car
To get the most out of your experience in the Iya Valley, it is highly recommended to have your own vehicle. If you are not traveling alone, it pretty much pays for itself in what you'd need to pay in bus tickets, not to mention that it is incomparably more flexible and convenient.

There are many single-laned roads in the Iya Valley. See the "Driving" section under Stay Safe for driving tips.

Car rental is available in Ikeda at the Awa-Ikeda train station with JR Rental Car. Ask at the tourist office just outside for information on rentals. Descent English is spoken by staff here.

Miyoshi Rental Car is just outside of downtown Ikeda and can do free pick-up or drop off to main access points such as the bus station, JR Awa-Ikeda station, or the highway bus stop. Prices for a small car start at ¥5,100 for the first day and ¥4,600 each day thereafter.

For online bookings with larger agencies, one would have to go to the airports or major cities on Shikoku.

One unique and flexible option is Budget Rent-a-Car's Shikoku Pilgrimage Passport (四国巡礼パスポート) allowing 9, 12, and 15-day rental plans where you can either use all the days at once, or split the rental days into various trips within a one-year period. Better still, with this plan cars can be picked up and dropped off at any Budget office in Shikoku or Okayama (on Honshu) for no additional cost. Nine day plans start at ¥37,800 for a small car. Though Budget Japan's website offers English service, the page for this option is in Japanese only, so for English it would be better to call and reserve by phone or contact through email.

By bicycle


It is possible to cycle the Iya Valley, but you'll need a good bike (you can carry bicycles on Japanese trains if you put them in a bike bag), a healthy pair of lungs and a genuine sense of adventure. Bring water, as even the normally ubiquitous vending machines can prove few and far between in the Iya Valley. Reduce your speed when on narrow roads with limited visibility, use the posted mirrors to see around corners, and keep as far to the left as possible. Most of the locals are cautious drivers. If you make it to Tsurugi-san, you can turn left onto the road leading to Sadamitsu Town, which is a breathtaking 25-km downhill of switchbacks, little crumbling villages and stunning river vistas.

It is also possible to join the Tour de Nishi Awa, which is a large bicycle rally held every spring that traverses different sections of the Iya Valley and its mountain passes. http://tour-de-nishiawa.com/index.html (Their webpage has plenty of photos and videos showing what kind of road conditions to expect).

By foot
Distances are far in the Iya valley, so it may be best to try your luck at hitchhiking along the main road. As there are practically no sidewalks, be careful of vehicles barreling around turns. There are plenty of footpaths both through the hamlets and up into the mountains so one does not need to walk only on main roads. Most hamlet paths are for open public use even though many seem to go through people's property. Be sure to use courtesy if walking along a path close to someone's house, and only photograph people and homes with permission. As the roads up mountains are steep, there are many switchbacks and sharp curves, but these often have shortcut footpaths that bisect the hair-pin turns.

Single-day or multi-day ridge-line hikes are rewarding, allowing one to begin/end in different areas, though accessing and exiting trail heads can be tricky due to limited public transportation. (see Do for details.)

Vine bridges
Iya's best-known attractions are the precarious-looking vine bridges (かずら橋 Kazurabashi), which used to be the only way to cross the river. There are two sets, a single bridge in Nishi-Iya and a double bridge in Higashi Iya.


 * The most popular vine bridge is in Nishi-Iya and known simply as "Kazurabashi", fairly close to the main village, and sole destination for 90% of visitors to the valley. There is a rather large operation going on here due to the number of visitors, and the bridge itself is not particularly scary or atmospheric. Entrance costs ¥550 adult, ¥350 child, and the bridge's operating hours are sunrise to sunset. Adjacent to the vine bridge is a very large parking area made to handle the loads of tour buses, with several souvenir shops and places to eat. (Parking fee is ¥300, this is the only point in the valley which charges to park.) There are also several small inns and a campground within walking distance.




 * For considerably more atmosphere and far fewer crowds (if any at all), the Oku-Iya Niju Kazurabashi (奥祖谷二重かずら橋 Deep Iya Double Vine Bridge) can be found at the eastern end of the valley, before the final ascent to Mi-no-Koshi. A short hike down through the forest, you really get the sense of going somewhere hidden. There are two vine bridges here, namely the Men's Bridge (男橋 O-bashi), the longer, higher up and thus evidently manlier of the two, and on the left the Women's Bridge (女橋, Me-bashi). They may be collectively called Marriage Bridges (夫婦橋, Meoto-bashi).  These are a bit closer to the Tarzan kind of vine bridge and best avoided if you have a fear of heights, although even here there are steel cables hidden inside the vines. The surroundings are peaceful and idyllic, and on the other side is an excellent campground and a beautiful waterfall.  There is also a small wooden cart that can seat up to three people suspended from rope cables near the Women's Bridge where you can slide halfway across the ravine before you need to pull yourself the rest of the way with the rope in the cart, though if someone is waiting they often help pull at either end. The river is also easily accessible here, and is refreshing for a cool dip on a hot summer day. Entrance ¥550/adult, ¥350/child. Getting here can be a bit of problem as most buses usually don't come this far (buses only run on weekends, holiday periods, and daily during Golden Week, the summer, and the mid-autumn), but if you have your own transport or a good working thumb, you'll be sure to enjoy the lack of mass access. See Get Around for bus options.

Iya Gorge
The lower area at the mouth of the Iya Valley between Iyaguchi and central Nishi-Iya is mostly undeveloped and simply stunning, and it is known as Iya-kei (祖谷渓 Iya Gorge). A twisty, mostly one-laned road meanders 20 km through this section ('old' Route 32, aka "Iya Highway"), and allows for sweeping vista views and a Mario-Cart driving experience. From Iyaguchi the road snakes closer to the river, then after the tiny hamlet of Deai (turn here for Matsuogawa Onsen) you begin to ascend the valley wall. After a few more minutes you will pass the entrance to the Iya Valley Campsite (also called "Iya-kei Campground"), then it starts to get steadily higher and more intense. Panoramic view points are here and there, and when the autumn leaves are changing it is quite spectacular. Stop by the precariously perched Peeing Boy statue for a near vertical view of the turquoise waters a couple hundred meters below, or hit up by the middle-of-nowhere Iya Onsen Hotel and ride a cable-car far down to the valley floor for a riverside bath. A few minutes after the hotel a large bend in the river is noted for its shape which looks like the Japanese letter ひ ("hi") where one can pull over to take in the whole view. After another 10 minutes or so of twisting through the forest the road emerges in the central part of Nishi-Iya at the junction of Rt 45. Expect about an hour with viewpoint stops when driving from Iyaguchi to central Nishi-Iya. A few daily buses go through the upper gorge from Oboke Station to the hotel near the Peeing Boy Statue, or for those looking for a hike, you can take a bus as far as Deai and walk along the winding one-lane road to Nishi-Iya in about 2 to 3 hours. See Get In for bus options.

Note: On town maps, local road signs, brochures, and tourism websites the Iya Gorge area is often referred to as simply "Iya Valley" which can lead to confusion as the entire valley all the way up to the base of Mt. Tsurugi should be classified as such. This misnomer is due to translation irregularities.

Ochiai Hamlet
Registered as a national historic preservation district in 2005, Ochiai's (落合) collection of traditional farmhouses dates back to the middle Edo era. Climbing up the side of a mountain, the hamlet is a weave of stone footpaths, terraced farm plots growing the famed Iya soba (buckwheat) and Iya potatoes, and welcoming local residents who are proud to show off their heritage and lifestyle. (This is not a re-creation "living museum" -this is just an actual community of mainly elderly residents somewhat stuck in a time-warp.) An effort has been made to restore the buildings here. Several of these thatched-roof homes have been beautifully restored and are now available to stay in overnight with Tougenkyo-Iya (See Sleep for details on staying in one of these traditional homes). On the opposite mountainside across the valley, a viewpoint has been built (equip with sparkling new public toilets) where one can take in the whole view of Ochiai. This can be accessed by road or hiked.

To access the base of Ochiai village by bus, take either a bus that goes to/fom Ikeda (see Get In) or one of the Higashi Iya community buses (see Get Around). From the bus stop on the main road either walk up via the village roads or one of the many foot paths.





Scarecrow Village (Kakashi-no-sato)
This is one of the more extreme oddities of Japan, and a reflection of the realities of rural life in the country. Local artist Ayano Tsukimi, who was born and raised in Higashi-Iya, moved back to her house in the early 2000s after years away, only to see her once active hamlet nearly deserted, as is the case with many country-side towns. She began making life-sized dolls on a fluke to help "re-populate" her neighborhood, but it has now become her life's obsession. One can see examples of her dolls (known as "kakashi" 案山子) throughout the whole valley at tourist spots here and there, but for the full blown mind-bending experience one needs to head out to the remote hamlet of Nagoro along the main road on the way to the Oku-Iya double vine bridges and Mi-no-Koshi. Here one can see her extensive work of hundreds of humanoid dolls which at first glance may be mistaken for actual people as they are waiting at bus stops, working in fields, and even attending the now defunct elementary school. Each October, usually the first or second weekend of the month, there is a "Kakashi-matsuri" (Scarecrow Festival) held here in Nagoro, with food, workshops, and events. See Get Around for bus access information to Nagoro.

Unkai and Kiryu (Valley Fog Formations)
The Iya Valley is noted for its fantastic fog formations which give an otherworldly appearance to this remote place.
 * Unkai, which means "Sea of Clouds" (and also referred to by some locals as "hachigo-giri"), usually occurs in the early morning hours on clear days from around first light to just after sunrise (though it isn't daily) and is when the fog settles into the valley in a way that makes it appear like an expanse of ocean, while the mountain tops stick out like islands. The best places to observe this phenomenon would be from elevations that are at least 200 m above the valley floor, such as from any mountain top; from the upper part of Ochiai Hamlet (including a couple Tougenkyo homes); from Ochiai-toge; from the overlook just above Senkichi Restaurant in Nishi Iya; or from around the exit to Iya Tunnel on Rt 45 looking into Oboke/Yoshino River Valley (a wooden log 'unkai viewing platform' can also be found about 2 km down the small side road that heads out from the thatched roof gate just before the tunnel entrance). Though it is a gamble if the fog will settle like this on the day you wish (autumn and spring are the best bet), if lucky, you'll be happy you did wake so early as it is a truly amazing sight.
 * Kiryu means "air stream" and locals use the term to refer to the jets of fog that shoot up from the valley floor and hillsides either in the early morning or after/during some rain at any time of day. These white pockets swirl and dance through the valley as they constantly change in appearance, and are best seen from a hillside with a bit of elevation (over 50 m above the valley floor) from a point which has an extended view (at least 1 km), but not necessarily from as high as a mountain top, as the peaks often get encased by clouds during rain. It is most common to see Kiryu from mid-spring to early autumn, but will occur even in winter if its rainy or particularly humid.

Other sights

 * Manpu Gorge Located in the central part of the valley in Higashi-Iya, this steep-walled gorge was one of the main stumbling blocks that prevented road access to much of the valley until the mid-1900s. With manpu literally meaning "ten thousand men", this is what it took to carve a road into the sheer rock faces here. The old one-laned parts are almost all widened now. The Ryugu Tunnel (opened in 2003) goes under the roughest patch, but the 1-km section of the original road which the tunnel bypasses can still be driven upon for those who wish for a little adventure. An awesome wire suspension foot bridge (free) spans the gorge halfway along the tunnel bypass very, very high above the river, which serves as a secondary access route to the Ryugugake Cottages on the opposite side (the main route is by car bridge a little further along). To access this original Manpu road, when traveling from the Nishi-Iya/Kazurabashi direction turn off to the left just after the large brown wood sign announcing "Tourist Information" and "Ryugugake Park" (in English) and follow it around to the other side of the tunnel. From the other direction (coming from Kyojo/Mt.Tsurugi) turn left just before entering the Ryugu Tunnel and follow.  If coming by bus, ask to get off at "Ryugugake-koen", about 20 minutes past the Kazurabashi in Nishi-Iya or 10 minutes before Kyojo.
 *  Bukeyashiki  This wonderful, very large thatched roof house is on the upper part of the mountainside above Kyojo. One of the nicest restored buildings in the valley, it has a broad valley view, a beautiful interior, and a classic set of Japanese feudal armor on display. Architecture lovers would appreciate the detailed construction. Entrance fee is ¥300, and is open daily, but closed in winter. Next door by the neighborhood shrine is the Hoko-sugi, the largest cedar tree in Iya. Road signs for access refer to this place as 'Old Samurai Residence' in English. To get here it is a 4.5-km drive up through a mountainside hamlet (guide signs throughout) from the turn off near eastern side of the Kyojo Tunnel (after exiting the east side of the tunnel, turn left over the bridge, then turn left again after the bridge, then go 400 m and turn right up the hill, following the signs). An annual Jazz Concert is held here in early October, see the listing under Do (Festivals).
 * Higashi-Iya Folk Museum, in the large red community hall building in Kyojo, a collection of traditional tools and displays are on exhibit, detailing the traditional lifestyle and the heritage of how the valley was settled by the refugees of the famed Heike clan. The collection of local artifacts (forms of which are actually still in use by many residents) is extensive. 08:30-17:00 daily, ¥300.
 * O-Tsurugi Shrine (大劔神社). Located in Mi-no-Koshi, not far from the Tsurugi chairlift station.  It's not very much to look at, but it's traditional to stop here before starting your ascent.  The shrine is in fact in three parts, with one in Mi-no-Koshi, one on the trail to the top and one at the very top of the mountain. Every year on July 15–17 a special shrine festival takes place, culminating on the 17th when long processions clad in white robes head to the summit.
 * O-Tsurugi Shrine (大劔神社). Located in Mi-no-Koshi, not far from the Tsurugi chairlift station.  It's not very much to look at, but it's traditional to stop here before starting your ascent.  The shrine is in fact in three parts, with one in Mi-no-Koshi, one on the trail to the top and one at the very top of the mountain. Every year on July 15–17 a special shrine festival takes place, culminating on the 17th when long processions clad in white robes head to the summit.

Hiking


Hiking in the valley, especially the eastern end, is quite popular and there are many trails of various lengths mapped out. For information in staying at the mountain huts see details in the 'Budget' section of Sleep. Be sure to understand weather conditions of Iya by reading the Climate information at the top of this webpage. And for problems associated with hiking, be sure to read the Stay safe section at the end of this webpage


 * There are several routes up Mt. Tsurugi. Trails radiate from Tsurugi in a number of directions. Neighboring Ichinomori is a more intense climb than Tsurugi involving ascent chains, and also has a staffed hut on top. For a longer hike, head westward across to Jirogyu and on to Maruishi, from where you can go down directly to the Oku-Iya double vine bridges and campground. If you opt not to go down here, you can continue along the ridge over Mt. Shiraga and onward to Miune. If starting early, hiking from Mi-no-Koshi to Mt.Tsurugi summit, then across to Miune can be done in a day (with sleeping in Miune hut), or you can opt to stay in one of the other free mountain huts along the way if your speed is slower. The route up the back of Mt. Miune via Mt. Shiraga is steep and demanding, and best avoided in bad weather.(see the camping explanation under "Sleep" for hut info)
 * There are several routes up Mt. Tsurugi. Trails radiate from Tsurugi in a number of directions. Neighboring Ichinomori is a more intense climb than Tsurugi involving ascent chains, and also has a staffed hut on top. For a longer hike, head westward across to Jirogyu and on to Maruishi, from where you can go down directly to the Oku-Iya double vine bridges and campground. If you opt not to go down here, you can continue along the ridge over Mt. Shiraga and onward to Miune. If starting early, hiking from Mi-no-Koshi to Mt.Tsurugi summit, then across to Miune can be done in a day (with sleeping in Miune hut), or you can opt to stay in one of the other free mountain huts along the way if your speed is slower. The route up the back of Mt. Miune via Mt. Shiraga is steep and demanding, and best avoided in bad weather.(see the camping explanation under "Sleep" for hut info)




 * As the valley is ringed by mountains, there are several other options for hiking in practically every direction.
 * As the valley is ringed by mountains, there are several other options for hiking in practically every direction.
 * As the valley is ringed by mountains, there are several other options for hiking in practically every direction.

Onsen
There are several options for day-use hot springs to soak away your troubles, mostly at the major hotels. Admission fees for non-guests usually run about ¥1000-1200 (other price is noted). Soap and shampoo is provided, but bring your own towels. See the full listing for these places under Sleep. A quick run-down from lowest in the valley to the upper end near Mt. Tsurugi:



Festivals
There are several festivals of various size held throughout the year.

Most local Shinto shrines host their own festivals for the surrounding neighborhood hamlet, usually once or twice a year according to their own traditions. In these events, local customs often call for a group of men to carry a small (70–150 kg) portable shrine (mikoshi) around the shrine grounds while accompanied with drummers, people in costume, and sometimes pairs of people throwing long bamboo staffs. Each shrine and neighborhood has its own customs (one or two even have the attendees engage in sumo wrestling), but unfortunately, due to an ever dwindling population, many of these traditions are being lost. Dates vary from shrine to shrine and are according to the lunar calendar, so unless directly contacting a local resident, one would probably happen upon such an event only by chance (though if you do, you'd be warmly welcomed). But for a more sure opportunity, see "San-jo Jinja" under the Ochiai Hamlet section of See for more specific information and dates for this large shrine festival event.

The largest general festivals in the valley are the summer festivals, one each in Nishi-Iya and Higashi-Iya. They are held at the middle-school grounds on the weekends before the national Obon Holiday (August 15) as this is a common time for family members who've moved away to return home for a visit. These events are open to anyone and include food tents, games, performances, and fireworks, so if visiting the area in August ask around or look for promotional posters for exact dates. (Nishi-Iya festival is usually the first weekend of August. Higashi-Iya festival is usually on August 13. Typhoon or heavy rain may cause different date.)





Autumn leaf viewing
The colors begin to change in the upper valley (Mi-no-koshi) in early October, and won't begin to change until late October in the lower parts, with most of the valley in full splendor the last week of October to mid November. This can be a popular time to visit, especially around the national holidays. Large patches of the valley are filled with cedar and cypress trees which are green all year, but in between the colors can be brilliant due to abundant maples, chestnuts, and oak. Some of the recommended areas (with fewer evergreen trees) for dazzling autumn color from low to high in the valley are as follows:

Other activities
Oku-Iya Monorail Billed as the world's longest monorail of this type (nearly 5 km), the small cars putter steeply up the mountainside and through the dense forest for a 60-minute loop of sorts. The view opens up at the top at 1380m, looking far along the valley out to Mt. Tsurugi. It could also be good option for families with children or those who want to experience the mountain scenery yet are unable/unwilling to hike, but not necessarily a super thrilling experience (it's not a roller-coaster). Bring a beer or three for a more enjoyable ride. Leaves on request from the Iyashi-no-Onsenkyo Hotel (see 'Stay'). ¥2000 adults, ¥800 children, kids under 6 free (ticket includes a free hotspring bath at the hotel).

Tsuzuki's Soba Atelier (古式そば打ち体験　都築) +81 883-88-5625 (in central Higashi Iya, across the river from the Kyojo Tunnel) For a fantastic hands-on experience, learn how to make the famous Iya soba noodles yourself, from grinding the buckwheat by hand in a stone mortar, to rolling out and chopping the noodles, and then chow down on what you've made. Also be entertained as Ms. Tsuzuki sings a traditional soba-making ballad, and be overwhelmed with the hospitality. Definitely a memorable experience not to be had elsewhere. Two-hour classes are ¥3000 per person, and include more soba than you could ever eat.

Yama Yoga The energetic English speaking instructor offers a variety of scheduled drop-in classes and private classes at the picturesque main studio (at the Ryugugake Cottages in Higashi Iya, non-guests are welcome to attend without reservations), as well as private lessons at other accommodation in the valley. A unique option is to reserve one of the "Yama Yoga Experiences" ('yama' means 'mountain' in Japanese) where you can go out with the instructor to do yoga within some of Iya's breathtaking scenery, including hidden mountain houses, deep forest glens, and panoramic valley viewpoints. First-time yoga students welcome, as this is also a great way for local interaction that isn't just idle sightseeing.

White-water rafting Some of the best rafting in Japan is just outside the mouth of the Iya Valley, and can easily be included with any trip to the valley (about 15 minutes from central Nishi Iya). See the Oboke and Koboke page for details

Buy
Iya doesn't have even a single chain convenience store (one of the only places in Japan?), but there are some mom-and-pop type grocery shops throughout the valley, and quite a few souvenir shops (particularly near the main vine bridge in Nishi-Iya). It's best to bring along anything even remotely exotic. You can get good supplies of groceries from Boke-Mart, the local grocery by the train station at Oboke, but selection would be better at the full sized supermarket in Ikeda near the bus station. (See the Grocery section under Eat for more details on buying food in the valley.)

For those looking for camping supplies, there is a well equip Mont Bell outdoor store at the WestWest rest stop in Koboke, and the home center (hardware store) in Ikeda near the main bus station has some camping gear.


 * Michi-no-Eki Nishi Iya (just before central Nishi-Iya on Route 45 next to the Hikkyo-no-Yu Hotel as you come from Oboke) The small Michi-no-Eki (on the right coming down the hill) has 24 hour restrooms and a whole spread of travel information and maps. The shop attached sells a variety of local goods, including hand-made crafts and boxed gift snacks, and a range of cooked local foods are available from their kitchen. Just outside the back door is a little antique stand jammed with old wares.
 * Iya Fureai Park (just before central Nishi-Iya on Route 45 across from the Hikkyo-no-Yu Hotel as you come from Oboke) A little further from the Michi-no-Eki its hard not to spot the Fureai Park down the road, and its large grey concrete "rainbow" is a prime example aesthetically deficient government spending at its best (Alex Kerr must cringe whenever he enters the valley through here). What's on offer is very similar to the Michi-no-Eki but with a bit more going on, and the view of the river from the parking area is nice. If you cross the bridge under the rainbow you can ride the very kitschy Ladybug Monorail on a harrowing adventure at about 2 km/h around the lush hillside. Young children would enjoy, as well as those looking for a tacky photo opportunity (¥500/adults, ¥300/child). Within the parking area here is the Nakazo Cafe serving local fried potatoes, Iya hot dogs, and drinks (see full listing under Eat). The emerald Iya River below is accessible here if looking to splash about, and on the banks there is an outdoor playground and camping area.

Eat
Iya has a wide variety of locally produced foods.

The local tofu (known here as iwa-dofu or ishi-dofu, which translates as "stone tofu") is unique in that it is so dense that it was traditionally carried around with a strap of rope. With a rich flavor and hearty mouth-feel, it's unlike any other tofu in Japan. Most large hotels serve it with the course meals and some smaller places have it available as a side dish.

Iya potatoes are a traditional staple grown in the small terraced farm plots seen throughout the valley. The potatoes are small and dense due to the rocky terrain. And for the culinary aficionado, try the locally produced konyaku which is a rubbery gelatin produced with Japanese yams and attains its grey color by being mixed with the ash of burnt cedar tree branches.

Wild game in the form of deer meat and mountain boar has become more common due to a hunter's butchery being established in Higashi-Iya in 2014. It can be found in some places but may only be available at special request.

Nishi-Iya and Mi-no-Koshi have the usual range of rice and noodle joints for visitors, all a bit on the expensive side by Japanese standards. Try grilled amego (a local river fish) that are encrusted with salt at ¥500 a pop, sold by little stands here and there by the vine bridge. Or opt for a roasted skewer of dekomawashi which consists of the dense local tofu, even denser local konyaku, and the even denser still local potatoes and all slathered with miso paste at about ¥300 each.

Many places advertise the famed Iya soba noodles, made with buckwheat grown in the valley and renowned throughout Japan for its pure flavor. If you've ever been to another mountain in Japan you'll recognize the topping as the same sansai mountain vegetables served everywhere else, but with luck you'll stumble upon a local place that pickles their own sansai, which grow in abundance here but require effort to cure.

And only available in Iya, hirarayaki is a dish made from many of the local specialties such as tofu, potatoes, konyaku, and amego trout. Traditionally cooked on a large flat rock and heated by fire below, more commonly it is cooked on an iron griddle where thick walls of miso paste encircle a mixture of sake and miso, such that it cooks the ingredients like a stew. However, finding this on offer can be a challenge as it's usually only for special occasions, but it is available at the Oku-Iya Hotel as well at some of the larger hotels in Nishi-Iya.

Lower Valley Area (Iya Gorge, Nishi Iya)



Most of the onsen hotels have restaurants available for non-guests, including Hotel Kazurabashi and Hikyo-no-yu Hotel. See "Onsens (Hotsprings)" section under Do for more info.

Also, food and snacks can be found at Fureai Center and Michi-no-Eki in Nishi-Iya (see: "Buy"), both near the Hikyō-no-Yu Hotel close to the central district.

Within walking distance around the Kazurabashi Vine Bridge are several restaurants, all only open during the daytime (no dinner), mainly serving Iya soba and local specialties (see above). Most look like they haven't been renovated since the mid-1970s, but this just adds to the step-back-in-time experience. However, there is a newer soba restaurant inside the parking area's souvenir building if you are seeking a bit more shine, and near the entrance to the vine bridge is a unique restaurant/cafe in that it offers a menu with various treats and is actually without soba! (see below)



Mid/Upper Valley Area (Higashi Iya)


 * Yanamoto's +81 883-88-2354 Higashi-Iya in Kyojo (at the end/beginning of the main Kyojo street, at the opposite end of the large red all purpose hall/museum). From the outside this place looks more like a house than a restaurant, but it is open to the public. The specialty is okonomi-yaki (Japanese vegetable and meat pancakes) as the tables are set up to be grills, but some excellent hand-made noodle dishes are also available. Beer is on tap, as this is the closest thing that the town has to a pub. Open for lunch and dinner.
 * Oku-Iya Hotel Restaurant, +81 883-88-2045 Higashi-Iya in Kyojo (in the center of the main Kyojo street, next to the gas station). Easily seen from the street, and offering a variety of local dishes and standard Japanese meals, this is where Iya people go for lunch. The locally picked san-sai pickles are some of the best in town. They also cook up locally caught deer meat curry and croquettes for lunch time if one wants to enjoy a hearty meal. And hirarayaki is also on offer, though it may need to be reserved in advance. English menu available.
 * Nakochi (なこち) http://nakochi.site44.com/ (email: info.nakochi@gmail.com) Higashi-Iya in Ochiai, (a few minutes up the path from San-jo Jinja Shrine). Set in a restored farmhouse, Nakochi offers a unique menu using Iya's local ingredients, but not in their traditional form (deer meat spaghetti bolognese, Iya tofu burgers, Thai style rice with minced deer meat, etc.) Open every Saturday for dinner and lunch, and every Sunday and holiday for lunch only. Also on hand are traditional Iya set meals prepared with local ingredients (but an advanced reservation is needed for the sets). If not wanting to eat, a large variety of drinks are also available. As Ochiai's only cafe, it's a great place to stop for enjoying the view across the valley. Breakfast is also available but by reservation only. (See the Ochiai Hamlet section under See for more details).
 * Soba Dojo (そば道場), Higashi-Iya in Ochiai, (on the main road, near the small bridge and big turn in 'downtown' Ochiai). Have some of the local soba noodles.
 * Soba Dojo (そば道場), Higashi-Iya in Ochiai, (on the main road, near the small bridge and big turn in 'downtown' Ochiai). Have some of the local soba noodles.

The restaurant at the Iyashi-no Onsenkyo Hotel in upper Higashi Iya offers meals for non-guests by reservation only. See the hotel listing for contact info.

Grocery
For those looking to buy food to prepare themselves, the closest real supermarket is in Ikeda town. In Oboke a few dozen meters from the JR train station is Boke Mart and has possibly the biggest/best selection outside of Ikeda. Within the valley itself there are several mom-and-pop shops, with some that are so-so in their basic offerings and some that are indeed dismal.

In Nishi-Iya, some of the 'better' ones include one near the post office and another two on the main road near the Kazurabashi (do not take the straight road to Kazurabashi but instead turn left just after the Hotel Kazurabashi as if heading to Higashi Iya. They are about 200–300 meters further along from here). The offerings are pretty limited. If looking for more than snacks, go back to Oboke or a little further up into Higashi Iya.


 * Tani-shoten (in Higashi-Iya, close to the center of town near the intersection of Rt 439 and Rt 32. If coming up from Nishi-Iya, turn right off the main road before entering the Kyojo Tunnel onto Rt 439 towards 'Kyoboshira Pass'. Its on the left about 100 meters along, past a few houses) The best selection within the Iya Valley can be found here, though don't expect a full sized supermarket. However a little bit of everything is on hand including frozen meat and fish, a range of basic staples, snacks, fruit, bread, beer and a variety of sake/shochu. Come early in the day and you may be able to get a brick of fresh tofu or some wedges of konnyaku (or reserve for the following day if sold out). Open daily 07:00 to 19:00.

There are also shops in Kyojo (near the gas stand) and Ochiai (on the main road) but don't plan to prepare a seven course meal with what's on offer, as its mainly drinks and snacks. Yoshida Tofu shop in Kyojo (on the small side street opposite the town office) makes and sells the valley's famed dense tofu.

Drink
If you want swinging nightlife, you are completely in the wrong place! But a beer vending machine is available till about 23:00 on the corner opposite the Higashi-Iya town hall in Kyojo, while Yanamoto's in Kyojo also serves as an impromptu pub (see listing under "Eat"). The valley's only real drinking place is in Nishi Iya:



Sleep
It is strongly recommended that you make a reservation before arriving in Iya. Some places can fill up on busy weekends, while some smaller places may not be able to handle on-the-spot arrivals (often there is only a single staff on hand who may be unable to prepare a room without notice, and if no rooms are booked that night, there may even be no staff there at all).

Also, it is customary in Japan to state the time you plan to arrive when reserving (as in "about 16:00"), so if you foresee arriving later than planned, you should call to say when you will come, even if calling the same day as arrival. Not doing so can lead to problems, the worst of which would be that you are considered a no-show, and if no other guests are there, the staff may go home for the night, leaving you alone in the dark without a place to sleep.

Budget


There are no youth hostels in Iya &mdash; the nearest are in Oboke and Ikeda, outside the entrance to the valley &mdash; but it's an excellent place for camping. But be sure to understand weather conditions of Iya before pitching your tent (see Climate at the top of this webpage). For finding camping supplies, see the Buy section.


 * For info on staying in a minshuku (inn) at Mi-no-koshi, see the offerings in Mid-range.
 * For info on staying in a minshuku (inn) at Mi-no-koshi, see the offerings in Mid-range.


 * Mountain Huts (yama-goya 山小屋) For those doing multi-day hikes in the mountains, there are several mountain huts along the highest ridge line in Higashi Iya, that are almost all un-staffed and free of charge (the Mt.Tsurugi and Ichinomori huts being the exception). Tents can be pitched next to the huts, but they are rarely full. The renovated Mt.Tsurugi Hut has paid bunks and simple meals available (¥4800 sleeping only, meals extra), and off the side of Mt. Tsurugi is neighboring Mt. Ichinomori, with two huts (one paid, one free). If traversing the ridge line from Mt. Tsurugi, two small free huts (Maruishi and Shiraga) lie along the trail from Tsurugi to Miune; the Miune free hut is just below the summit next to the pond; and the very nice free hut near Tenguzuka Mountain is 20 minutes before the peak just off the trail heading from Mt. Miune. There is also a small, dusty free hut along the road close to Ochiai Pass. Reservations are not possible for the free huts (choose your sleeping bag space on a first come basis) so allow for the possibility that you will be sharing with strangers and early risers. Bring everything you need as the un-staffed huts have no electric, or cooking/bedding facilities, and spring water may be unavailable if there is a lack of rain.

Mid-range
There are several great options (including onsen) for those not looking for top-end luxury nor the price that comes with it. Whole cabins can be quite affordable (in most other parts of Japan the prices would qualify as 'Budget'), most offering kitchens which allow for self catering. On the other hand, those looking for a 'classic' experience can try one of the several simple minshukus in Nishi-Iya, Kyojo and Mi-no-Koshi. The basic bed-only sudomari (素泊まり) rate starts at around ¥3500 per person, higher with dinner and/or breakfast.

Iya Gorge Area At the bottom entrance of the valley, this area has an immediate sense of remoteness.

Central Valley Area (Nishi Iya / Kazurabashi) -Though in the center of the Iya Valley, the compact area around the popular Kazurabashi is comparably built up, with several classic style minshukus (the much nicer hotels are a couple minutes by car farther out, see Splurge) as well as a collection of souvenir shops, snack stands, parking areas, and ramshackle buildings (some occupied and some abandoned). A convenient area if this is your final destination (especially if using the bus), but if you plan to venture further up the valley, consider accommodation somewhere less frequented.

Upper Central Valley Area (Higashi Iya / Kyojo) This area around the sleepy "downtown" section of Kyojo in Higashi Iya is a good central base for exploring the more remote and certainly more rewarding parts of the valley. No group tours here, so if you're looking for charm and a sense of seclusion, this is a good place to find it.



Mi-no-koshi area (Mt. Tsurugi base) -At an elevation of 1400m and the point where the trails and chairlift for Tsurugi-san begin, Minokoshi has several minshuku on offer during the hiking season (early April to late November. All closed in winter). Far and away from most other valley sights, the main reason to stay here would be if one wants an early start (or late return) for climbing the mountain. For info about sleeping in huts atop the summit, see Budget / Camping.



Splurge
Even though the places listed here are the valley's top-end in both price and offerings, they aren't all break-the-bank expensive, and some can even be in the realm of mid-range with per person rates less than ¥10,000 per person. If looking to reduce the price, dig a bit through their website to find different options regarding meal plans, room type, and number of people per room/cabin.

Central Valley Area (Nishi Iya / Kazurabashi) -All the places in this part of the valley include their own hot spring baths (onsen). They are also all set up to accommodate large group bus tours, which are quite popular here among Japanese and other East Asian tourists.

Upper Central Valley Area (Higashi Iya / Ochiai) -Bus tours are few to non-existent in this part of the valley (mainly due to insurance restrictions for the sometimes single-laned roads), so if looking to get away from the crowds and a chance to stay in some of Iya's famed thatched roof farm houses, this is where to head.

Stay safe
The Iya Valley is one of the safest places in Japan, and the local people will go out of their way to be of assistance if necessary, even though they may not speak any English.


 * Crime The Iya Valley has very little crime; however, locals feel that 'outsiders' coming into the valley have increased the chance of problems. Lock up valuables in tourist areas, or avoid leaving things unattended.
 * Driving Local drivers tend to know the roads well and know how to handle a higher speed. Tourists behind the wheel do not, and are usually a bane to the locals. Drive any non-visible turns on single-lane areas with caution (use the mirrors). If an area is single-laned and you see someone coming, try to pull over in a wider area before meeting to allow them to pass (or vice-versa). If you do end up stopped face to face with another driver on a single-laned section, it is often better, faster or safer for one of the drivers to reverse to a wider point instead of inching towards each other and trying to squeeze by (however, most tourist drivers do not realize this).
 * Typhoons are large storms occurring between early July and the end of November. Do not hike when one is coming. Winds on exposed mountain tops could literally blow you away, otherwise dry hiking paths often become raging streams, landslides can happen anywhere, and falling branches and/or trees are a risk in any forest area. The valleys often funnel the winds, so a wind forecast for a neighboring area (Kochi city, Tokushima city) has a likely-hood of being magnified here. And the mountains often harbor the rain clouds, creating heavy downpours even when the typhoon center is far off in Kyushu or even Korea. Go to the Japan Meteorological webpage for current weather info in English, and click on the 'Tropical Cyclone Information' heading  (also found here) for typhoon forecasts.


 * Hornets (スズメバチ suzumebachi) are dangerous. Usually they will not bother you unless you disturb their nests, which may not be easily visible (in bushes, or between large rocks). Their nest building occurs in late August/early September, which is when they are most active and sensitive to loud noises. If bit it will really hurt and swelling can last a couple days. Immediately pull out the stinger (if there is one). Though not a major danger unless you are allergic, people who are allergic to bees will probably also be to hornets. Seek help immediately if allergic, or if the swelling extends far beyond the sting (particularly up to the face), or if stung multiple times (especially more than five).
 * Please see Hornets for further details


 * Centipedes These look evil, with the worst of the local ones growing up to 15 cm with black bodies and bright orange/red legs. They often appear and attack without warning. Their bites are painful, though not necessarily life-threatening.
 * Please see Centipedes for further details


 * Bears Unlike other mountains in Japan, there are few if any bears in the Iya Valley, with 'sightings' as common and reliable as those of Bigfoot. However this does not stop hikers from carrying the obligatory and annoying little bear bells on their packs.
 * Snakes There are several species of snake in the Iya valley, some poisonous and some not. It's probably best to avoid any snake, so be watchful on paths (the biggest danger of stepping on one is if you are moving quickly downhill on a path and they don't yet have a chance to move away). If bitten, try to take notice of the colors and patterns on the snake, and then seek help immediately. Anti-venom is carried in the town offices and by emergency crews. Call 119 for emergencies.


 * Please see Dangerous animals for further details on bears and snakes


 * Raccoons Not necessarily dangerous, but they will go after your food if it isn't secured when camping. It may be best to hang food from a branch at least one meter above the ground when asleep.

Health and emergencies
For emergencies call 119 for fire or rescue, or 110 for police. An English operator can be connected.

There are two local clinics. The doctors and staff at each location speak a little English. The nearest large hospital is in Ikeda.

Go next

 * The gorges of Oboke and Koboke, with more of the scenic views and world-class rafting, are just outside Nishi-Iya along Route 32.
 * Check out Ikeda for access info to the Iya Valley area.