Lak phrasebook

The Lak language(lakku maz) is spoken in Dagestan, North Caucasus, Russia. It is the language of the Lak people. Lak is the official language in the Republic of Dagestan in the Russian Federation. It is a vulnerable language that has very few native speakers and is in danger of dying out. It belongs to the Nakh-Dagestan language family. The Lak language was written using the Arabic alphabet until 1928. From 1928 to 1938, it was written using the Latin alphabet. Since 1938, it has been written using the Cyrillic alphabet. It is one of the indigenous written mountain languages of Dagestan, and has many dialects. Northeast_Caucasian_language

Vowels
А ah

- a, ā [ə, aː]

Аь aeh

- a̱ [æˁ]

Е yeh

- ǝ̱ [eˁ]

Ё yoh

- –

И ee

- i [i]

О oh

-

Оь eu

- o̱ [ɵˁ]

У oo

- u [u]

Ы yh

-

Э eh

- ǝ̱ [eˁ]

Ю yoo

- o̱ [ɵˁ]

Я yah

- a̱ [æˁ]

Consonants
Б b

- b [b]

В v

- w [w]

Г g

- g [ɡ]

Гъ gkhr

- ġ [ʁ]

Гь hae

- h [h]

Д d

- d [d]

Ж zh

- ž [ʒ

З z

- z [z]

Й y

j [j]

К k

- k [kʻ]

Кк gk

- k [kʻ]

Къ kh

- q̄ [qː

Кь gkh

- q̇ [qʼ]

КI gkheh

- ḳ [kʼ]

Л l

- l [l]

М m

- m [m]

Н n

- n [n]

П p

- p [pʻ]

Пп pp

- p̄ [pː]

ПI bh

- ṗ [pʼ]

Р r

- r [r]

С s

- s [s]

Сс ss

- s̄ [sː]

Т t

- t [tʻ]

Тт dtkh

- t̄ [tː]

ТI tkh

- ṭ [tʼ]

Ф f

-

Х kh

- x [x]

Хх kgh

- χ̄ [χː]

Хъ ghh

- q [qʻ]

Хь khh

- x [x]

ХьХь ghgh

- x̄ [xː]

ХI h

- ḥ [ħ]

Ц ts

- c [tsʻ]

Цц dts

- c̄ [tsː]

ЦI dtskh

-  [tsʼ]

Ч ch

- č [tʃʻ]

Чч chch

- č̄ [tʃː]

ЧI chkh

- č̣ [tʃʼ]

Ш sh

- š [ʃ]

Щ sch

- š̄ [ʃː

Diacritics
Ъ

hard sign

- ʾ [ʔ]

Ь

soft sign

Basics

 * Hello (in the morning).: Израв - to men (IZ-rov)  Израв.ogg Дизрав - to women (DIZ-rov)Дизрав.ogg Бизрав - to girls (BIZ-rov)Бизрав-Бизрув.ogg  Бизрув - to multiple people (BIZ-roov)Бизрув.ogg
 * Hello. (other times of the day): салам алейкум (sa-LAM a-LEI-koom)Салам алейкум.ogg
 * Hello. (in response to the previous): ва алейкум ассалам (va a-LEI-koom a-sa-LAM )Ва алейкум ассалам.ogg
 * How are you? : Цукун урав? - to men (tsoo-KOON oo-RAV)Цукун урав?.ogg Цукун дурав? - to women (tsoo-KOON doo-RAV) Цукун дурав?.ogg Цукун бурав? - to girls (tsoo-KOON boo-RAV) Цукун бурав?.ogg Цукун бурув? - to multiple people (tsoo-KOON boo-ROOV) Цукун бурув?.ogg
 * What is your name? : Вил цIа цири? (VIL TSA tsi-RI)Вил цIа цири?.ogg
 * My name is ______ . :  Ттул цIa __. (too-ll ts ahh)Ттул цIa.ogg
 * Nice to meet you. : КIулширия Ххарира (khool-shi-ri-ah khwa-ri-ra)КIулширия Ххарира.ogg
 * Please. : Миннатри (min-na-tri)Миннатри.ogg
 * Thank you. : Барчаллагь (bar-cha-lagkhh)Барчаллагь.ogg
 * You're welcome. : За бакъар (ZA bak-gkarr)За бакъар.ogg
 * Yes. : Да (DA)Да.ogg
 * No. : Акъар - to men (ak-GKAR) Акъар.ogg Дакъар - to women (dak-GKAR)Дакъар.ogg Бакъар - to girls (bak-GKAR)Бакъар.ogg
 * I'm sorry. : Багьишла ити - to men (ba-GHI-shla ih-TI)Багьишла ити.ogg Багьишла дити - to women (ba-GHI-shla dih-TI) Багьишла дити.ogg Багьишла бити - to girls (ba-GHI-shla bih-TI)  Багьишла бити.ogg
 * Goodbye : Цалсса (TSAL-ssa)Цалсса.ogg
 * See you later: Хьуна бакьиннин (KHOO-na bakh-IN-nin)Хьуна бакьиннин.ogg
 * left: Хъюччайнмай (gkhuh-CHA-in-maai)  Куяйнмай.ogg
 * right: УрчIайнмай (oor-CHA-in-maai) УрчIайнмай.ogg
 * Help! : Кумаг барa (KOO-mag BAA-ra) Кумаг бара.ogg
 * Look out! : Мугъаятну (moo-GHA-yeth-noo) Мугъаятну.ogg
 * Good: Ххуйну (khooi-NOO)Ххуйну-updated.ogg
 * Bad: Оьккину (ou-ki-noo)Оькину-updated.ogg
 * Good night. : Хьхьу хъинну (KHOO gki-NOO)  Хьхьу хъинну.ogg
 * I don't understand. : Ттун къабучIлай бур (DTOON ga-BOO-ch-lai BOOR)  Ттун къабучIлай бур.ogg
 * Where is the toilet? : Туалет чу бури (tua-LYEHT CHOO boo-RI) Tуалет чу бури.ogg

Problems

 * Leave me alone. : На паракьатну итира/битира/дитира.  [to men/to women/to girls] (NA pa-RAkhh-tnoo ee-TEE-ra / bee-TEE-ra / dee-TEEra)На паракьатну итира-битира-дитира.ogg
 * Don't touch me! : ттуйн ка мащару. (TOO-in ka ma-SHAA-roo)Ттуйн ка мащару.ogg
 * I'll call the police. : на полициялийн оьв чинна. (NA po-li-tsi-ya-LIN eurv chin-NA)На полициялийн оьв чинна.ogg
 * Police! : Полиция! (po-LI-tsi-ya)Полиция.ogg
 * Stop! Thief! : ацIу! цуркуй! (ATTS-oo! tsoor-KOOIY)АцIу, цуркуй.ogg
 * I need your help. : Ттун кумаг аьркинни. (dtoon KOO-mag arkh-IN-eh)Ттун кумаг аьркинни.ogg
 * It's an emergency. : Ва анаварну аьркинссар. (VA ah-na-VAR-noo ar-KIN-sarr)Ва анаварну аьркинссар.ogg
 * I'm lost. : на аьйкьура/бяйкьура/дяйкьура. [to men/to women/to girls] (NA aik-OO-ra / baik-OO-ra / daik-OO-ra)На аьйкьура-бяйкьура-дяйкьура.ogg
 * I lost my bag. : Ттул сумка бакъа хьунни. (dtool SOOM-ka BAK-ka KHOO-ni)Ттул сумка бакъа хьунни.ogg
 * I lost my wallet. : Ттул кошелек бакъа хьунни. (dtool ka-sheh-LYOK BAK-ka KHOO-ni)Ттул кошелек бакъа хьунни.ogg
 * I'm sick. : На къашабай ура. (NA ka-sha-BAI OO-ra)На къашабай ура.ogg
 * I've been injured. : Ттуйн щабу динни. (DTOOIN SCHA-boo DINN-nee)Ттуйн щабу динни.ogg
 * I need a doctor. : Ттун доктор аьркинни. (DTOON DOHK-tohr ar-KINN-nee)Ттун доктор аьркинни.ogg
 * Can I use your phone? : Вил телефонналиба оьв чин бучIирив? (VILL teh-leh-FOHN-na-lee-ba EUV CHIN boo-chi-RIV)Вил телефонналиба оьв чин бучIирив.ogg

Numbers

 * 1: Ца:  Ца.ogg
 * 2: кIий:  КIий.ogg
 * 3: шан:  Шан.ogg
 * 4: мукь:  Мукь.ogg
 * 5: ххюв:  Ххюв.ogg
 * 6: рях:  Рях.ogg
 * 7: арул:  Арул.ogg
 * 8: мяй:  Мяй.ogg
 * 9: урчl:  УрчI.ogg
 * 10: ацI:  АцI.ogg
 * 11 : ацIния цаAцIния ца.ogg
 * 12 : ацIния кIийАцIния кIий updated.ogg
 * 13 : ацIния шанАцIния шан updated.ogg
 * 14 : ацIния мукьАцIния мукь updated.ogg
 * 15 : ацIния ххювАцIния ххюв updated.ogg
 * 16 : ацIния ряхАцIния рях updated.ogg
 * 17 : ацIния арулАцIния арул updated.ogg
 * 18 : ацIния мяйАцIния мяй.ogg
 * 19 : ацIния урчIАцIния урчI updated.ogg
 * 20 : кьу  Кьу.ogg
 * 21 : кьуния цаКьуния ца updated.ogg
 * 22 : кьуния кIийКьуния кIий.ogg
 * 23 : кьуния шанКьуния шан.ogg
 * 30 : зубиЗуби.ogg
 * 31: зубилли цаЗубилли ца.ogg
 * 40: мукьчIалМукьчIал.ogg
 * 41: мукьчIалли цаМукьчIалли ца.ogg
 * 50: ххюцIалХхюцIал.ogg
 * 51: ххюцIалли цаХхюцIалли ца.ogg
 * 60: ряхцIалРяхцIал.ogg
 * 61: ряхцIалли цаРяхцIалли ца.ogg
 * 70: арулцIалАрулцIал.ogg
 * 80: мяйцIалМяйцIал.ogg
 * 90: урчIалУрчIал.ogg
 * 100: ттуршТтурш.ogg
 * 101: ттуршли цаТтуршли ца.ogg
 * 200: кIиттуршКIиттурш.ogg
 * 300: шанттуршШанттурш.ogg
 * 400: мукьттуршМукьттурш.ogg
 * 400: мукьттуршМукьттурш.ogg
 * 1000: азарАзар.ogg
 * 1001: азарлий цаАзарлий ца.ogg
 * half : дачIи (ххячча)ДачIи-ххячча.ogg
 * less : чIибимуЧIибиму.ogg
 * more : хъунмуХъунму.ogg
 * more : хъунмуХъунму.ogg

Time

 * now : цIанаЦIана.ogg
 * later : махъМахъ.ogg
 * before : хьхьичIХьхьичI.ogg
 * morning : кIюрхКIюрх.ogg
 * afternoon : ахттая махъАхттая махъ.ogg
 * evening : гьанттайнмайГьанттайнмай.ogg
 * night : хьхьуХьхьу.ogg

Clock time

 * one o'clock AM : хьхьунил ссятХьхьунил ссят.ogg
 * two o'clock AM : хьхьунил кIира ссятХьхьунил кIира ссят.ogg
 * noon : ахттайн чIунАхттайн чIун.ogg
 * one o'clock PM : кьинилул ссятКьинилул ссят.ogg
 * two o'clock PM : кьинилул кIира ссятКьинилул кIира ссят.ogg
 * midnight : хьхьудяризуХьхьудяризу.ogg

Duration

 * _____ minute(s) : минута(минутIру)Минута.oggМинутIру.ogg
 * _____ hour(s) : ссят (ссятру)Ссят-ссятру.ogg
 * _____ day(s) : кьини(кьинирду)Кьини.oggКьинирду.ogg
 * _____ week(s) : южмар (нюжмарду)Нюжмар (нюжмарду).ogg
 * _____ month(s) : барз ( барзру)Барз (барзру).ogg
 * _____ year(s) : шин (шинну)Шин (шинну).ogg

Days

 * today : хIакьину
 * yesterday : лахьхьу
 * tomorrow : гьун тий
 * this week : ва нюжмардий
 * last week : лавгумур нюжмардий
 * next week : хъиримур нюжмардий


 * Sunday : ххуллун
 * Monday : иттни
 * Tuesday : тталат
 * Wednesday : аьрвяхI
 * Thursday : ххамисс
 * Friday : нюжмар
 * Saturday : аьлхIат

Months
The months in Lak are said the same way as months are said in Russian.

Colors

 * black : ( )
 * white : ( )
 * gray : ( )
 * red : ( )
 * blue : ( )
 * yellow : ( )
 * green : ( )
 * orange : ( )
 * purple : ( )
 * brown : ( )

Bus and train

 * How much is a ticket to _____? : ( )
 * One ticket to _____, please. : ( )
 * Where does this train/bus go? : ( )
 * Where is the train/bus to _____? : ( )
 * Does this train/bus stop in _____? : ( )
 * When does the train/bus for _____ leave? : ( )
 * When will this train/bus arrive in _____? : ( )

Directions

 * How do I get to _____ ? : ( )
 * ...the train station? : ( )
 * ...the bus station? : ( )
 * ...the airport? : ( )
 * ...downtown? : ( )
 * ...the youth hostel? : ( )
 * ...the _____ hotel? : ( )
 * ...the American/Canadian/Australian/British consulate? : ( )
 * Where are there a lot of... : ( )
 * ...hotels? : ( )
 * ...restaurants? : ( )
 * ...bars? : ( )
 * ...sites to see? : ( )
 * Can you show me on the map? : ( )
 * street : ( )
 * Turn left. : ( )
 * Turn right. : ( )
 * left : ( )
 * right : ( )
 * straight ahead : ( )
 * towards the _____ : ( )
 * past the _____ : ( )
 * before the _____ : ( )
 * Watch for the _____. : ( )
 * intersection : ( )
 * north : ( )
 * south : ( )
 * east : ( )
 * west : ( )
 * uphill : ( )
 * downhill : ( )

Taxi

 * Taxi! : ( )
 * Take me to _____, please. : ( )
 * How much does it cost to get to _____? : ( )
 * Take me there, please. : ( )

Lodging

 * Do you have any rooms available? : ( )
 * How much is a room for one person/two people? : ( )
 * Does the room come with... : ( )
 * ...bedsheets? : ( )
 * ...a bathroom? : ( )
 * ...a telephone? : ( )
 * ...a TV? : ( )
 * May I see the room first? : ( )
 * Do you have anything quieter? : ( )
 * ...bigger? : ( )
 * ...cleaner? : ( )
 * ...cheaper? : ( )
 * OK, I'll take it. : ( )
 * I will stay for _____ night(s). : ( )
 * Can you suggest another hotel? : ( )
 * Do you have a safe? : ( )
 * ...lockers? : ( )
 * Is breakfast/supper included? : ( )
 * What time is breakfast/supper? : ( )
 * Please clean my room. : ( )
 * Can you wake me at _____? : ( )
 * I want to check out. : ( )

Money

 * Do you accept American/Australian/Canadian dollars? : ( )
 * Do you accept British pounds? : ( )
 * Do you accept Euros? : ( )
 * Do you accept credit cards? : ( )
 * Can you change money for me? : ( )
 * Where can I get money changed? : ( )
 * Can you change a traveler's check for me? : ( )
 * Where can I get a traveler's check changed? : ( )
 * What is the exchange rate? : ( )
 * Where is an automatic teller machine (ATM)? : ( )

Eating

 * A table for one person/two people, please. : ( )
 * Can I look at the menu, please? : ( )
 * Can I look in the kitchen? : ( )
 * Is there a house specialty? : ( )
 * Is there a local specialty? : ( )
 * I'm a vegetarian. : ( )
 * I don't eat pork. : ( )
 * I don't eat beef. : ( )
 * I only eat kosher food. : ( )
 * Can you make it "lite", please? (less oil/butter/lard) : ( )
 * fixed-price meal : ( )
 * a la carte : ( )
 * breakfast : ( )
 * lunch : ( )
 * tea (meal) : ( )
 * supper : ( )
 * I want _____. : ( )
 * I want a dish containing _____. : ( )
 * chicken : ( )
 * beef : ( )
 * fish : ( )
 * ham : ( )
 * sausage : ( )
 * cheese : ( )
 * eggs : ( )
 * salad : ( )
 * (fresh) vegetables :  ( )
 * (fresh) fruit : ( )
 * bread : ( )
 * toast : ( )
 * noodles : ( )
 * rice : ( )
 * beans : ( )
 * May I have a glass of _____? : ( )
 * May I have a cup of _____? : ( )
 * May I have a bottle of _____? : ( )
 * coffee : ( )
 * tea (drink) : ( )
 * juice : ( )
 * (bubbly) water : ( )
 * (still) water : ( )
 * beer : ( )
 * red/white wine : ( )
 * May I have some _____? : ( )
 * salt : ( )
 * black pepper : ( )
 * butter : ( )
 * Excuse me, waiter? (getting attention of server): ( )
 * I'm finished. : ( )
 * It was delicious. : ( )
 * Please clear the plates. : ( )
 * The check, please. : ( )

Bars

 * Do you serve alcohol? : ( )
 * Is there table service? : ( )
 * A beer/two beers, please. : ( )
 * A glass of red/white wine, please. : ( )
 * A pint, please. : ( )
 * A bottle, please. : ( )
 * _____ (hard liquor) and _____ (mixer), please. : ( )
 * whiskey : ( )
 * vodka : ( )
 * rum : ( )
 * water : ( )
 * club soda : ( )
 * tonic water : ( )
 * orange juice : ( )
 * Coke (soda) : ( )
 * Do you have any bar snacks? : ( )
 * One more, please. : ( )
 * Another round, please. : ( )
 * When is closing time? : ( )
 * Cheers! : ( )

Shopping

 * Do you have this in my size? : ( )
 * How much is this? : ( )
 * That's too expensive. : ( )
 * Would you take _____? : ( )
 * expensive : ( )
 * cheap : ( )
 * I can't afford it. : ( )
 * I don't want it. : ( )
 * You're cheating me. : ( )
 * I'm not interested. : (..)
 * OK, I'll take it. : ( )
 * Can I have a bag? : ( )
 * Do you ship (overseas)? : ( )
 * I need... : ( )
 * ...toothpaste. : ( )
 * ...a toothbrush. : ( )
 * ...tampons. : . ( )
 * ...soap. : ( )
 * ...shampoo. : ( )
 * ...pain reliever. (e.g., aspirin or ibuprofen) : ( )
 * ...cold medicine. : ( )
 * ...stomach medicine. : ... ( )
 * ...a razor. : ( )
 * ...an umbrella. : ( )
 * ...sunblock lotion. : ( )
 * ...a postcard. : ( )
 * ...postage stamps. : ( )
 * ...batteries. : ( )
 * ...writing paper. : ( )
 * ...a pen. : ( )
 * ...English-language books. : ( )
 * ...English-language magazines. : ( )
 * ...an English-language newspaper. : ( )
 * ...an English-English dictionary. : ( )

Driving

 * I want to rent a car. : ( )
 * Can I get insurance? : ( )
 * stop (on a street sign) : ( )
 * one way : ( )
 * yield : ( )
 * no parking : ( )
 * speed limit : ( )
 * gas (petrol) station : ( )
 * petrol : ( )
 * diesel : ( )

Authority

 * I haven't done anything wrong. : ( )
 * It was a misunderstanding. : ( )
 * Where are you taking me? : ( )
 * Am I under arrest? : ( )
 * I am an American/Australian/British/Canadian citizen. : ( )
 * I want to talk to the American/Australian/British/Canadian embassy/consulate. : ( )
 * I want to talk to a lawyer. : ( )
 * Can I just pay a fine now? : ( )