Herzegovina

Herzegovina (Bosnian/Croatian: Hercegovina, Serbian: Херцеговина) is in Bosnia and Herzegovina.

Cities

 * — town on the Croatian border, close to the Adriatic Sea
 * — a for its nearby stecci tombs, also known for the railway bridge destroyed during the Second World War
 * — popular destination for rafting on the Neretva river, with Titos Cold War bunker nearby
 * — city surrounded by mountains, known for claims of apparitions of the Virgin Mary to six locals
 * — city with a pleasant old town and restored medieval bridge
 * — the only coastal town of the country on the Adriatic Sea, surrounded by Croatia
 * — the only coastal town of the country on the Adriatic Sea, surrounded by Croatia

Understand
Herzegovina is one of the two traditional regions making up the country of Bosnia and Herzegovina (the other being, perhaps non-surprisingly, Bosnia), and forms the southern quarter of the country. It borders Croatia to west, Montenegro to southeast, and has a tiny coastline on the Adriatic at Neum, the sole window of the country to the sea.

Although mass displacements and ethnic cleansings of the locals took place during the Yugoslav Wars of 1992–1995, the region still has a multi-ethnic community (though not to the extend that it was before the war) and is roughly divided in half between the two political entities of the country: Bosniak/Croat-majority Federation occupies the western half, while Serb-majority Republic of Srpska occupies the eastern half.

The most visited places in Herzegovina are Međugorje and Mostar, in that order. Široki Brijeg, Grude, Ljubuški and Posušje make up Western Herzegovina, the region of ardent Croat nationalism, enormous Catholic churches, wedding halls, countless bars/clubs blaring kitschy pop-folk music and gastarbeiters who return from Germany with Mercedes-Benz cars and build lavish houses. Along the Neretva river you will find Čapljina and the beautiful medieval fortress of Počitelj. Radimlja, near Stolac, has an impressive stećak necropolis with intricately adorned medieval tombs. Eastern Herzegovina, the Serb-inhabited region, is rarely visited by tourists, even though it is home to Trebinje, a pleasant town full of Ottoman architecture and only 30 km from Dubrovnik.

Climate
Although slightly inland as it is separated from the coastline by a portion of Croatia, southern parts of Herzegovina enjoy a mild Mediterranean climate while northern parts are under influence of continental climate with cold winters.

Talk
All three major languages of the country (Bosnian, Croatian, Serbian) are spoken natively in the region. As these three languages are mutually intelligible, travellers speaking any of them will have no problems in communicating with locals throughout the region. However, as local Serbs prefer the Cyrillic alphabet over Latin, you may need to get acquainted with Cyrillic for a smooth experience in the eastern parts of Herzegovina.

From Croatia
Several buses head to Mostar from Split and Dubrovnik. All rail connections have been cancelled, though.

From other parts of BiH
Trebinje can be reached by direct bus from Banja Luka; a lot of destinations in the Federation BiH part of Herzegovina can be reached by bus or train from Sarajevo. The train is more scenic.

Do

 * The Ćiro Trail is a 157-km cycling route across the region between Mostar and Trebinje and onwards to Dubrovnik beyond the border. It's a rail trail following the tracks of a dismantled Austro-Hungarian narrow gauge railway, and crosses several 19th-century tunnels and bridges.