Danxiashan

Danxiashan (丹霞山, Dānxiáshān) is a geopark in Guangdong, China. A landscape of stunning cliffs, steep and rounded red mountains, caves, forests, and lakes in rural Shaoguan, Danxiashan is still little known to foreign visitors.

Understand
The park is the most famous example of the "China Danxia" landform, red cliffs and valleys that are unique to China and bear some resemblance to the country's karst landscapes.

The scenery and trails are divided into two main scenic areas: Yang Yuan Shi or Male Stone (阳元石, Yángyuánshí, named for a mountain that looks strikingly like a male body part) and Zhang Lao Feng (长老峰, Zhǎnglǎofēng, literally "peak of growing old"). Yang Yuan Shi is more popular whereas Zhang Lao Feng is much larger and has more stunning views. If you're visiting on a day trip, you'll probably only have time for one area or the other, but otherwise you should visit both. Unless you have a car, the easiest way to get between the two areas is by bus (see below).

Visitor information, lodging, restaurants, and so on are mostly located in between the two scenic areas, especially near the entrance to Yang Yuan Shi.

Landscape
Beautiful billowing mountains, cliffs, and valleys in shades of red and brown. You can find caves, slot canyons, rivers, lakes, steep cliffs, and dense forest.

Danxiashan has multi-layered red sedimentary rocks of sandstone and conglomerate. The area was formed by fluvial deposition through the basin 140-65 million years ago. The weather in the area oxidizes rocks, turning them red. Then these sediments were uplifted and condensed by water, being accreted during the process. Finally, the area of Danxia was formed. Since 6 million years ago, the basin of Danxia area has experienced several intermittent rises, with an average increase of about 1 meter per 10,000 years. Water has eroded the mountains into many layers and formed their current shapes.

Flora and fauna
Lots of informational signs along the trails tell visitors about the park's plant life and geology. Most of them have English.

Climate
Hot in the summer, chilly in the winter. The temperature changes a lot over the course of the day, so dress in layers.

Get in
You'll probably arrive via one of Shaoguan's train stations.

From Shaoguan Station
is the city's high-speed rail station, with service from cities including Changsha, Guangzhou, Shenzhen, and even as far away as Beijing.

Tourist buses run from Shaoguan Station to Danxiashan, but not as frequently as from Shaoguan East Station. The first bus leaves Shaoguan Station at 09:00. You can also take public transport from Shaoguan Station to Shaoguan East (which might take an hour or so) and then catch a tourist bus from there.

Alternatively, you can take a taxi for about ¥150 (2019), or maybe less if you share it with someone. Negotiate the price beforehand. Drivers hang around at the station waiting for passengers from arriving trains, say "Danxiashan" and they'll know where to take you. Didi will cost about ¥200 (2019). It takes about 60–90 minutes to get to Danxiashan from the station.

From Shaoguan East Station
is the old station, located near downtown and served by slow trains.

Tourist buses run more frequently, and you can always take a taxi or Didi too. This station is a bit closer to Danxiashan than Shaoguan Station.

From Danxiashan Station
doesn't get much train service, and despite its name, it's not actually that close to Danxiashan, so you will still have to figure out transportation to the geopark.

Fees
Entry is ¥100 per person plus ¥5 insurance (2019). You can buy tickets at the outside the entrance to the park.

By foot
You can hike all over within the two scenic areas. As usual in China, the trails are well paved with hundreds and hundreds of steps. Some sections are very steep.

The trails are well-marked with signs, mostly bilingual in Chinese and English, pointing how to get to various attractions. Distances are listed, but may be misleading because of the hilly terrain.

By bus
A free shuttle bus goes through the park and is a convenient way to get from one area to another, as long as you don't mind waiting a few minutes at the bus stop. The bus has five stops:


 * (外山门站 Wàishānmén Zhàn), just inside the entrance to the park.
 * (阳元山路口 Yángyuánshān Lùkǒu) or "Male Stone", the first and most popular scenic area of the park. The bus stop is actually across the river from the scenic area, so you'll have to walk a bit—follow the signs.
 * (游客中心站 Yóukè Zhōngxīn Zhàn)
 * (索道站 Suǒdào Zhàn) – the bus takes you right to the cable car station, where you can ride up to the northeastern section of Zhang Lao Feng Scenic Area
 * (长老峰景区站 Zhǎnglǎofēng Jǐngqū Zhàn), the second, and much larger, scenic area.

The bus runs from 04:00–23:00 every 30 minutes, and every 15 minutes at peak times. If you find yourself waiting at the bus stop for a long time, you can call 0751-6292918 to ask for information.

By car
If you'd rather, your car can take you everywhere the bus goes and more.

By boat
Within Zhang Lao Feng Scenic Area, a boat traverses the length of Xianglong Lake (翔龙湖), between (翔龙湖码头 Xiánglóng Hú Mǎtóu) near the entrance to the scenic area and  (乘龙亭 Chénglóng Tíng) to the east. It may seem appealing if you're tired after walking around for a few hours, though it's actually not that far to just walk the trail along the south side of the lake. Tickets are ¥20 per person, one way (2019).

Other boats take visitors along the Jinjiang River; inquire near the entrance to the Yang Yuan Shi Scenic Area.

By cable car
The cable car line runs from the (served by the shuttle bus) up to the top of a nearby mountain in the northeastern part of Zhang Lao Feng Scenic Area. The up on the mountain is a short walk from Shaoyin Pavilion, which makes this a good option for getting up there in the early morning to see the sunrise.

It operates 04:30–19:30 Apr 1–Oct 10 and 05:00–18:30 Oct 11–Mar 31. ¥40 one-way, ¥60 round-trip, ¥25 for children (2019).

See
The two scenic areas are extensive with great views and fascinating rock formations. It's definitely worth going to both areas, but if you only have time for one, go to Yang Yuan Shi if you're more excited about the "Male Stone" and go to Zhang Lao Feng if you're looking for more panoramic views.

Here are some of the best known spots.

Elsewhere
There's a geological museum near the visitor center.

Do

 * Watch the sunrise. Wake up early and make your way through the chilly pre-dawn air to see a landscape of misty mountains that, in the early morning light, look like something out of a Chinese painting. The best place to watch the sunrise is Shaoyin Pavilion (韶音亭 Sháoyīntíng) in the Zhang Lao Feng Scenic Area. If your lodging is in the park, set out an hour and a half before sunrise—take the bus to the cable car station, ride the cable car up the mountain, and then walk for about 15 minutes (follow the signs). Unlike most of the trails in the park, the path from the cable car station to Shaoyin Pavilion is lined with lights to help you find your way. After the sunrise you can keep walking to Duoshi for more views.
 * Watch the sunset. You can see it from Xi Mei Zhai (细美寨 Xìměizhài) or Xuan Ji Tai (玄机台 Xuánjītái)—both spots have equally good views. Don't dawdle after the sun sets, because the steep steps could be scary after dark.

Buy
The little stations selling food along the trails have a small selection of souvenirs as well. You'll find a much bigger selection near the exit of the Yang Yuan Shi area. It's mostly pretty kitschy—not much to do with the park or its mountains.

Eat
There are a bunch of restaurants inside the park, mostly in the general vicinity of the entrance to Yang Yuan Shi Scenic Area. Prices vary from cheap shops where you can get a bowl of noodles for ¥10 to expensive, heavy meals for upwards of ¥50 (2019).

Wherever you decide to eat, come with low expectations. These restaurants aren't depending on repeat customers, so the quality of the food probably won't be great. Still, it'll give you the nourishment you need to keep hiking.

There's not much in the way of restaurants within the scenic areas, but there are little stations selling overpriced drinks and snacks, irregularly distributed along the trails. It's mostly junk food, and some long areas of the trail have nothing for sale at all, so bring snacks and water with you—especially if you're planning to watch the sunrise, hike through lunchtime, or explore some of the further-out, less-visited parts of the trails.

Sleep
Danxiashan is too big to see in one day, especially if you factor in getting to and from the park, so spend at least one night if you can. Two days is enough to see most of the park if you have a lot of energy and stamina, though there will still be some nooks and crannies you'll miss.

There are hotels both inside and outside the park. There's nothing much to see in the surrounding area, so better to sleep inside the park.

Camping
It's possible to rent a tent.

Stay safe
Watch your step on the trails. The life-threatening cliffs mostly have railings, but you could injure yourself falling down the steps on one of the steep sections of the trails.

Go next
Back to Shaoguan, where you can head to Nanling National Forest Park for more nature or take the train to Qingyuan, Guangzhou, Hengyang, or Changsha.