Clipperton Island

Clipperton Island (French: Île de Clipperton), also known as Île de la Passion is a small, ring-shaped atoll located 1,120 km southwest of Mexico in the Pacific Ocean. It has no permanent residents and is mainly visited by Mexican fishermen and French Navy patrols.

Understand
Clipperton is part of "Overseas France" (France d'outre-mer), and is held as state private property under the direct authority of the French government.

This isolated island was named after John Clipperton, a British pirate. It is claimed that he made it his hideout early in the 18th century to attack passing shipping. Annexed by France in 1855, it was seized by Mexico in 1897. Arbitration eventually awarded the island to France, which took possession in 1935. Its former name, Passion Island, was officially given in 1711 by French discoverers and is sometimes still used. Since World War II, the island has been uninhabited.

Get in


Clipperton Island is under direct authority of the French Government and is a full part of the European Union. However, it is exempt from the Schengen Area and therefore citizens from outside France need a permit to visit Clipperton Island. That can be obtained from the French High Commission in French Polynesia. Unless a French Navy patrol visits the island, there are no officials on the island to check permits.

By plane
There is no airstrip on Clipperton Island. It could be possible to land an Albatross or float plane in the lagoon.

By boat
There are no conventional tourist trips to Clipperton Island; you will have to go by your own boat or join an expedition. To make the journey there as short as possible, Acapulco is a good port from which to start.

There is no harbor on the island, so the only option is to anchor offshore (the south west side has been cited as the best location) and go in using a smaller boat. This can be dangerous since the surf often is very rough as the waves break against the surrounding coral reefs. Leaving the island is even more difficult&mdash;it takes a skilled boatsman to time the passage past the reefs to the right moment, between the crashing waves.

The freshwater lagoon in the middle is enclosed and cannot be reached by boat.

Get around
There are no other means of transportation on Clipperton Island than your own feet, and walking on the island is quite difficult. You will encounter two types of surfaces. One is soft sand, which collapses under your feet due to the burrows dug by the island's many crabs. The other surface is made out of hard coral fragments cemented together, covered with loose coral pieces. Watch where you put your feet so you don't step on the wrong piece and get an ankle sprain. If you consider this information a challenge, you may want to try to break the record time for running around the island. The fastest time noted is 1 hour and 17 minutes, by a radio amateur visiting the island in 2000.

See

 * (Rocher Clipperton in the south-east is the first thing you'll see when approaching the atoll. It is a volcanic outcrop, 29 meters high, and the only really elevated place on the island. On the rock you may find the ruins of an old lighthouse, erected by Mexico in 1906. If you're short on scary stories at night, you can think of the last lighthouse keeper, Victoriano Álvarez. After the other males on the island had died in 1917, he found himself alone with 15 women and children. He went mad and started raping and killing, until he himself was killed by one of the women.
 * There are several coconut palm tree groves on the island. At the largest one there are remains of US Navy buildings from WWII. Old machinery and munitions from this time can be found around the island.
 * Two wrecks from Mexican fishing boats, Lily Marie and Oco, are on the shores. Just make sure you don't repeat their mistake.
 * There is a shack remaining of a 1996 NASA radar site, constructed to track a French rocket launch from French Guiana. The rocket malfunctioned and exploded soon after launch, however.
 * , an old camp which is now abandoned, used to be where French scientists stayed during scientific expeditions on the island.

Do

 * Fishing in the waters outside Clipperton Island attracts far more tourists than the island itself. The waters are a habitat for, amongst others, the rare Clipperton angelfish.
 * Wildlife-watching will be a part of your day whether you like it or not, despite the fact that there are not many species on the island. A few species compensate by their numbers, namely the bright orange crabs that can be counted in thousands, and some species of birds. In total there are 13 bird species on the island, not counting migratory birds. The only mammals on Clipperton Island are rats, brought to the island by wrecked ships.
 * Snorkelling and diving in the waters can be a rewarding experience since there are dolphins around.
 * Otherwise, there are very few things to do on the island, other than surviving.

Buy
Although 115 species of fish have been identified in the territorial waters of Clipperton Island, the only economic activity is tuna fishing. There is speculation, however, that the isolated island may be used as a meeting point for drug traders.

For gifts for the children, check out some booby nests. Scientist Lance Milbrand, who stayed on the island for 41 days in 1994, reports that children's toys and lots of other plastic junk tend to appear on the shore, probably after having been carried across the ocean from other, more crowded beaches. The birds have started incorporating plastic toys in their nests.

A French postal stamp from 2011 shows the discovery of Clipperton, costing €1; however, you cannot buy it on the island, as there are no shops.

Eat
Bring your own food with you - with enough for the journey there, your stay, the journey back, and some extra in case of emergency - or be prepared for a diet of fish and the occasional coconut. Avoid the crabs, since they are poisonous to eat.

Drink
You cannot bring too much water: estimate at least around 10 l per day or even more. The water from the lagoon in the middle, while not tasting very good, is reported to be drinkable; however, this should be used only as a last resort.

Sleep
There is no accommodation on Clipperton Island as all of the derelict buildings are uninhabitable, so you will have to set up your own camp. Bring earplugs since you'll have to cope with the noise from thousands of birds. The hordes of crabs are a real nuisance so prepare your camp accordingly with fencing to keep them out. The rats will be interested too, so move your trash away from your camp and keep your tent closed. You don't want to get bitten by a diseased rat when you're on a deserted island.

If you're a light sleeper, bring earplugs with you: the birds and the waves can be quite noisy.

Stay safe
The heat, the sun and the lack of water will be your worst enemies, so bring enough to drink, plenty of sunscreen and some good sunglasses against the bright light. Also be aware that the island is subject to extremely heavy rain and vicious tropical storms.

Swimming in the ocean is very risky because of the many sharks in the surrounding waters.

Because you are on an uninhabited island in the middle of the Pacific Ocean, thousands of kilometres from anywhere, if you need assistance, it will take a long time to arrive, so at least bring a first aid kit with you.

Connect
France has an official postcode for Clipperton Island: 98799. There is no mail service, though, so bring your own radio equipment. Radio amateurs have made expeditions to the island.

Go next
As you probably came by boat, the way out is the way you came, across the Pacific. As Clipperton is remote, the only nearby destinations are quite far away. If you can bear a long sea journey, you could head almost 1000 km north to the Mexican Socorro Island, with the small population of 45. Or you could head about 2,400 km south-east to the Ecuadorian Galapagos Islands, where the wildlife was the inspiration for Charles Darwin's theory of natural selection. Also, Central America is (only!) about 2,500 km east of the Island, with countries like Costa Rica and Nicaragua being due east.